LIU Li-mei
,
WANG An-na
,
SHA Mo
,
ZHAO Feng-yun
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
Aiming at the limitations of rapid fault diagnosis of blast furnace, a novel strategy based on cost-conscious least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) is proposed to solve this problem. Firstly, modified discrete particle swarm optimization is applied to optimize the feature selection and the LS-SVM parameters. Secondly, cost-conscious formula is presented for fitness function and it contains in detail training time, recognition accuracy and the feature selection. The CLS-SVM algorithm is presented to increase the performance of the LS-SVM classifier. The new method can select the best fault features in much shorter time and have fewer support vectors and better generalization performance in the application of fault diagnosis of the blast furnace. Thirdly, a gradual change binary tree is established for blast furnace faults diagnosis. It is a multi-class classification method based on center-of-gravity formula distance of cluster. A gradual change classification percentage is used to select sample randomly. The proposed new method raises the speed of diagnosis, optimizes the classification accuracy and has good generalization ability for fault diagnosis of the application of blast furnace.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
fault diagnosis
,
cost-conscious
,
LS-SVM
,
multi-class classification
WU Sheng-li
,
FU Chang-liang
,
LIU Cheng-song
,
XU Jian
,
KOU Ming-yin
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
The mathematical model of minimum safety factor that investigated the collapse trends of coke layer under different charging parameters was established firstly on the basis of the slope stabilization theory in soil mechanics, and then the model of burden profile after coke collapse was improved by adopting the predetermination of quadratic curve and energy correction methods. The research will provide theoretical evidences for describing the coke profile more accurately and technical direction for choosing suitable charging parameters of blast furnace. The results show that: it is helpful to improve the stability of coke layer with increasing chute inclining angle and length of the coke flat; when the main falling point of ore moves toward furnace wall or the coke flat is wider, the curve radian of burden profile after coke collapse becomes smaller; the ore to coke ratio distribution agrees with the gas top temperature measurement well under considering coke collapse comparing with the result of ignoring coke collapse.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
coke layer stability
,
safety factor
,
coke collapse
,
burden profile
JIANG Hai-bing
,
ZHANG Jian-liang
,
FU Jian-xun
,
CHANG Jian
,
LI Jing
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
The properties of mixed coals were studied on the basis of known various properties of the injecting coals in the treatise. The structure of the injecting coals was optimized and put into practical application. It was found that the ignition point was lowered with mixed coals, however, both combustibility and grindability were improved, and explosibility of the mixed coals were decreased as well. Hence, mixed coals injection not only can improve the amount of the injecting coals greatly, but also improve the economical and technical indexes of the blast furnace.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
pulverized coal
,
property
,
injection
ZHANG Jian-liang
,
CHEN Yong-xing
,
FAN Zheng-yun
,
HU Zheng-wen
,
YANG Tian-jun
,
Tatsuro Ariyama
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
The objective of the present investigation is to analyze the influence of profile of blast furnace on the burden motion and stress field through 3D-DEM (three-dimensional discrete element method). It is clarified that the decrease of shaft angle speeds up the velocity of burden descending and decreases normal stress between particles or particle and wall. This change is good for the smooth operation of blast furnace. However, ore and coke would be mixed for the too small shaft angle (75°), which would influence the permeability in blast furnace. Thus, the appropriate shaft angle is around 80°. Decrease of bosh angle prevents the burden descending motion and increases normal stress between particles and bosh wall. Meanwhile, maximum normal stress acting on the wall moves from belly wall to bosh wall in the case of 68° bosh angle, which accelerates abrasion of refractory in bosh by friction force between particles and wall. Although burden descends smoothly in the case of 88° bosh angle, room is not enough for the ascending heated gas flow. Thus, the appropriate bosh angle is about 78°.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
profile
,
solid motion
,
stress
,
discrete element method
WU Tong
,
CHENG Su-sen
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
Copper staves have been equipped on nearly all of BF (blast furnaces) with volume over than 1000 m3 in China since their introduction from abroad about more than 10 years ago. Because of short application and lack of experience, phenomena of thickened or naked of copper stave happen occasionally which influence production severely. So it is important to study the model of forming-accretion on BF copper stave and realize real-time monitoring of forming-accretion on different copper staves. Therefore, mathematic model of calculating accretion thickness by heat flow of BF is proposed, and the calculated results indicate that accretion thickness could be kept at a reasonable range of around 50 mm by controlling heat flux around 22.0 kW/m2. The monitoring program based on the model was applied to a certain BF in China successfully, and it is found that slip of BF near the inner wall is one of most important reasons that cause fluctuation of accretion thickness. During the period of scheduled maintenance of the certain BF, the thickness of accretion measured through the static pressure holes is in good accordance with the value calculated by the monitoring program, so the results calculated by the monitoring program can be used to guide industrial production.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
copper stave
,
forming-accretion
,
monitor
,
industrial application
ZHANG Jian-liang
,
REN Shan
,
SU Bu-xin
,
LIN Yin-he
,
LONG Shi-gang
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
In order to study the combustion characteristics of waste tire particle (WTP), pulverized coal (PC) and their mixture, the contents of CO, CO2 and O2 of off-gas during the combustion of WTP, PC and mixture under the condition of rich oxygen by 0-4% in blast and at 1250 ℃ were measured simultaneously using synthetically infrared analyzer, and then the corresponding combustion ratio was calculated and compared. The results showed that the burning rate of WTP reached approximately 57%, which is much higher than that of PC (only about 18%) in the initial 650 s in fresh air, and then the increase of combustion rate of PC is faster than that of WTP; the combustion rate of PC improved remarkably with the addition of WTP. Meanwhile, the combustion rates of all these materials improved with the increase of oxygen content.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
waste tire particle
,
pulverized coal
,
combustion ratio
WU Sheng-li
,
LIU Cheng-song
,
FU Chang-liang
,
XU Jian
,
KOU Ming-yin
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
On the basis of the existing originally modified calculation models of theoretical combustion temperature (TCT), some factors, such as the combustion ratio of pulverized coal injection (PCI), the decomposition heat of PCI and the heat consumption of SiO2 in ash reduced in high temperature environment, were amended and improved to put forward a more comprehensive model for calculating TCT. The influences of each improvement on TCT were studied and the results were analyzed compared with those of traditional model and originally modified model, which showed that the present model could reflect the thermal state of a hearth more effectively.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
theoretical combustion temperature
,
improved calculation model
吴桐，程树森
钢铁
从铜冷却壁引进到目前的短短十几年间，中国大于1000m3的高炉，在炉腰炉腹和炉身下部已普遍使用铜冷却壁。由于使用时间短，铜冷却壁热面裸露和结瘤频繁，严重影响生产。企业迫切需要知道何种操作因素控制铜冷却壁的渣皮脱落。目前，一些钢厂通过调整冷却水量和冷却水温度来实现挂渣稳定性和挂渣厚度控制，但往往收效甚微,为此建立了炉墙传热数学模型。研究结果表明：在适当范围内，调节水温或水速对挂渣厚度影响甚微;影响挂渣厚度最主要的因素是边缘煤气温度和冷却壁热负荷;根据铜冷却壁边缘煤气流对挂渣厚度的影响，将其分成剧变区、渐变区、缓变区和微变区。鞍钢，唐钢，武钢等钢厂高炉生产实践证实了上述结果的正确性。研究结果澄清了影响铜冷却壁挂渣厚度的一些模糊认识，对铜冷却壁高炉生产有重要的指导意义。以炉墙传热模型为基础开发的挂渣厚度在线监测系统已成功应用于国内某钢厂高炉，并经过实测检验，为铜冷却壁操作提出了35～58kW/m2的热负荷控制标准。
关键词:
高炉
,
copper stave
,
forming-accretion thickness
,
peripheral gas flow temperature
崔桂梅
,
顾东洋
,
张轩
钢铁研究
doi:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1001-0963.20130315
高炉冶炼受生产过程运行规律和生产技术人员操作方式支配,由于对高炉的认识还不充分,在高炉冶炼操作过程中有时忽略了工艺指标与参数之间的相互关系,造成能源的消耗.寻求高炉冶炼喷煤过程的操作规则对生产节能降耗就显得尤为重要.选取蕴含有客观规律和生产技术人员操作决策模式等重要信息的生产历史数据,选出满足优化标准的数据,运用模糊C均值聚类将数据分成子集,分别建立相应的支持向量机子模型,将输入对应每一类的隶属度值再作为权值进行加权求和得到模型最终的输出值,从而建立起高炉冶炼喷煤的操作规则模型.通过规则挖掘实现对高炉现场冶炼过程的指导,达到优化高炉生产操作模式的目的.
关键词:
高炉
,
喷煤
,
支持向量机
,
规则挖掘
