J.W. Zhao
,
H. Ding
,
W.J.Zhao
,
F.R. Cao
,
H.L. Hou
,
Z.Q. Li
金属学报(英文版)
A cellular automaton (CA) model is established to
simulate dynamic recrystallization (DRX) in the $\beta$ single-phase
field of Ti6Al4V alloy, and the kinetics during DRX processing has
been analyzed. The model employed considers the influences of
dynamic recovery, nucleation rate, strain rate and dislocation
density on DRX, and practical deformation parameters, such as
temperature, strain and strain rate on DRX have been considered in
the simulation. The simulated DRX grain size and DRX grain shape
agree well with the experimental results, which shows the
availability and feasibility of the cellular automaton method for
the simulation of DRX. The result of kinetics analysis of DRX
reveals that the Avrami exponent is variable ranging from 2.4 to
2.9, which increases with the increase of strain rate.
关键词:
Ti6Al4V alloy
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
Ezzat S.Elshazly
,
M.El-Sayed Ali
材料科学技术（英文）
The isothermal tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation of 3 mol fraction Y2O3–ZrO2 ceramics containing different amounts of Al2O3 during ageing in water at 130℃ for periods of time up to 40 h was investigated to explore the effect of Al2O3 addition on this transformation. The propagation of the transformation into the specimen interiors was suppressed by the addition of Al2O3. The transformation kinetics showed a nucleation and growth mechanism on the specimen surface to be dominant in the low temperature ageing in water environment.
关键词:
Phase transformation
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null
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null
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null
Yixin HUA
,
Yong YANG
,
Fuliang ZHU
材料科学技术（英文）
The volatilization kinetics of antimony trisulfide in steam atmosphere was studied with thermogravimetry at temperatures from 923 to 1123 K. A theoretical model was developed to calculate the overall rate constant and the mass transfer coefficient in gas phases. The experimental results show that the volatilization rate is enhanced with increasing temperature and steam flow rate. The volatilization rate is mainly controlled by the mass transport in gas phases. The apparent activation energy for the process is found to be 59.93 kJ/mol. It is demonstrated that Sb2S3 is dominantly oxidized into Sb2O3 and H2S by water vapor in the volatilization process. Some antimony metal is formed. The reaction mechanism is discussed in accordance with experimental data.
关键词:
Volatilization
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null
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null
,
null
T.Y. Kang
材料科学技术（英文）
The intermetallic compound (IMC) growth kinetics in pure Sn/Cu and Sn10 wt%Bi/Cu solder joints was studied, respectively, after they were aged at 160-210°C for different time. It was found that the total IMC in Sn10 wt%Bi/Cu joint developed faster than it did in pure Sn/Cu solder joint, when they were aged at the same temperature. And the activation energy Qa for total IMC in Sn10 wt%Bi/Cu joint was lower than that for pure Sn/Cu interconnect. The IMC growth process was discussed. The IMC Cu6Sn5 was enhanced in compensation of reduced IMC Cu3Sn growth. The work reveals that Bi element containing in lead free solder alloys with 10 wt% can enhance IMC growth in lead free solder/Cu joint during service.
关键词:
Solder
Fenghua LI
金属学报(英文版)
Dual titanium boride layers consisting of continuous TiB2 top-layer and TiB whisker sub- layer were formed on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy using powder-pack boriding technique. An iso-thickness diagram of the whole boride layer was fitted with the data of thickness of the coating, treatment time and process temperature using Sigma Plot10.0 software. Growth kinetics of the titanium boride layer were analyzed by measuring the extent of penetration of TiB2 and TiB whisker as a function of boriding time in the range of 5-20 h and boriding temperature in the range of 1000 - 1100 ℃. By the linear regression analysis of growth kinetics of titanium boride layer, the diffusivity K and average diffusion activation energy (Q) of boron atoms in Ti6Al4V alloy were calculated, respectively.
关键词:
Boriding
,
固体粉末法
,
Ti6Al4V合金
,
动力学
,
扩散
C.X. You
,
J.C. Zhang
金属学报(英文版)
The facile hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Fe3O4 nanoparticles with an average diameter of 11nm. The pure body-centered cubic (bcc)-Fe nanoparticles were prepared by reduction of Fe3O4 nanoparticles powder in H2 atmosphere. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties of the products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results showed that the as-prepared Fe3O4 nanoparticles had a relatively homogeneous size. The particle diameters became bigger with the increase of reaction time. The growth kinetics of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was also briefly discussed. The products exhibited superparamagnetic properties at room temperature and the specific saturation magnetization was dependent on the particle sizes.
关键词:
Fe－based nanoparticles
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null
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null
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null
Z.J. Han
金属学报(英文版)
Calcium treatment is nowadays a well-established method to improve steel castability and final properties e.g. machinability, toughness and surface quality. The effects of calcium are mainly based on its strong ability to form sulphides and oxides. The topic of the present paper concerns the basic mechanism and kinetics of the transformation process of alumina inclusions in steel when calcium introduced into the steel e.g. by wire feeding or powder injection.
To clarify the mechanisms model experiments were performed by studying reactions between Al2O3 and CaO in a laboratory furnace as well as by performing Ca treatments in an 8 kg induction furnace for Al deoxidised melt. The phases formed during the reaction between Al2O3 and CaO were examined by SEM-EDS, and the proposed reaction sequence of Al2O3CA6CA2CACAx(liquid) was discussed based on the experimental observations. The kinetics of the reaction of calcium with alumina inclusions were simulated by immersing alumina plates in a Ca treated steel melt in the induction furnace. Results were compared with observations of real inclusion transformation. Based on the results a kinetic model was proposed.
关键词:
Alumina inclusions
,
夹杂
,
机理
,
钙处理
,
动力学
T.Y. Kang
材料科学技术（英文）
The intermetallic compound (IMC) growth kinetics in pure Sn/Cu and Sn10 wt%Bi/Cu solder joints was studied, respectively, after they were aged at 160-210°C for different time. It was found that the total IMC in Sn10 wt%Bi/Cu joint developed faster than it did in pure Sn/Cu solder joint, when they were aged at the same temperature. And the activation energy Qa for total IMC in Sn10 wt%Bi/Cu joint was lower than that for pure Sn/Cu interconnect. The IMC growth process was discussed. The IMC Cu6Sn5 was enhanced in compensation of reduced IMC Cu3Sn growth. The work reveals that Bi element containing in lead free solder alloys with 10 wt% can enhance IMC growth in lead free solder/Cu joint during service.
关键词:
Solder
S.K.Sadrnezhaad
,
E.Ahmadi
,
M.Mozammel
材料科学技术（英文）
Kinetics of dissolution of silver present in precious metal scraps in HNO3 was studied in temperature range of 26~85℃. Dissolution rate of silver was much faster than that of copper at all temperatures. Effects of particle size, stirring speed, acid concentration and temperature on the rate of dissolving of silver were evaluated. Dissolution rate decreases with particle size and increases with temperature. Dissolving was accelerated with acid concentrations less than 10 mol/L. Concentrations greater than 10 mol/L resulted in slowing down of the dissolution rate. Shrinking core model with internal diffusion equation t/τ=1-3(1-x)2/3+2(1-x) could be used to explain the mechanism of the reaction. Silver extraction resulted in activation energies of 33.95 kJ/mol for Ag-Au0:04-Cu0:10 and 68.87 kJ/mol for Ag-Cu0:23 particles. Inter-diffusion of silver and nitrate ions through the porous region of the insoluble alloying layer was the main resistance to the dissolving process. Results were tangible for applications in recycling of the material from electronic silver-bearing scraps, dental alloys, jewelry, silverware and anodic slime precious metal recovery.
关键词:
Silver
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null
,
null
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null
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null
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null
Guichen HOU
材料科学技术（英文）
The oxidation behavior of a cast polycrystalline Co-base superalloy was studied at temperatures from 900 to 1050℃ and analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that a cast Co-base superalloy follows the subparabolic oxidation kinetics at 900 and 1000℃, which are controlled by the growth of the inner Cr-rich layer, and that after oxidation at 1050℃ for 200 h, it almost exhibits the linear oxidation kinetics possible due to the volatility of Cr-rich oxide. A mixed scale forms on the alloy after prolonged oxidation. The oxide scale formed at 900 and 1000℃ is composed of an outer layer of spinel and an inner continuous Cr-rich layer and at 1050℃ is composed of a very discontinuous Cr-rich layer.
关键词:
Co-base superalloy
,
null
,
null
,
null
