材料期刊网

Shift From Coke to Coal Using Direct Reduction Method and Challenges

Okonkwo Paul Chukwuleke , CAI Jiuju , Sam Chukwujekwu , XIAO Song

钢铁研究学报(英文版)

Ironmaking involves the separation of iron ores. It not only represents the first step in steelmaking but also is the most capitalintensive and energyintensive process in the production of steel. The main route for producing iron for steelmaking is to use the blast furnace, which uses metallurgical coke as the reductant. Concerns over the limited resources, the high cost of coking coals, and the environmental impacts of coking and sinter plants have driven steelmakers to develop alternative ironmaking processes that can use noncoking coals to reduce iron ores directly. Since the efficiency and productivity of modern large capacity blast furnaces will be difficult to surpass, blast furnaces will continue to retain their predominant position as the foremost ironmaking process for some time to come. The alternative ironmaking processes are therefore expected to play an increasingly significant role in the iron and steel industry, especially in meeting the needs of smallsized local and regional markets. It is likely that the importance of direct reduced iron (DRI) and hot metal as sources of virgin iron will continue to increase, especially in the developing countries where steelmaking is, and will be, primarily based on electric arc furnace (EAF) minimills. Consequently, the challenges that are faced by the new technology have to be embraced.

关键词: ironbearing material;coke;flux;coal;blast furnace;sintering;iron ore

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ALPHA-HELIX PROTEIN - A SOLITON APPROACH - COMMENT

Physical Review E

We disagree with the deduction of the equations of motion for the Davydov soliton and of the results in the paper by Jia-Xin Xiao et al. [Phys. Rev. A 44, 8375 (1991)]. The weakness and faults of the Davydov theory are also indicated.

关键词: davydov solitons;vibron solitons;molecules;excitation;system

Correctness and completeness of the theory of bio-energy transport Reply to the comments on "The theory of bio-energy transport in the protein molecules and its properties"

Physics of Life Reviews

Commentaries by Philip W.T. Pong, Nongyue He, S.D. Liang, Tao Song, Yuri Gaididei and Sergey Volkov and Alexander Y. Grosberg on my review article (Pang, 2011 [1]) are answered. The validity of Davydov's mechanism of bio-energy transport, the completeness of theory, outstanding problems, the normalization and validity of wave function of the system in Pang' model as well as other related problems are elucidated in detail. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词: biological temperature;3 channels;soliton;model

磷在12Cr1MoV钢中非平衡晶界偏聚动力学的实验研究

李莉 , 李庆芬 , 郑磊 , 徐庭栋 , 杜善义

钢铁研究学报

以工业用12Cr1MoV钢为研究对象,通过俄歇电子能谱分析方法(AES),对磷在恒温过程中的非平衡晶界偏聚浓度进行了测定.获得的磷在钢中的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学曲线直接验证了非平衡晶界偏聚动力学理论中的Xu-Song模型.

关键词: 晶界偏聚 , 临界时间 , 扩散 , 钢