材料期刊网，材料期刊，材料类期刊，材料期刊投稿

Speed increase and heavy-haul of the railway freight car are the effective measures to raise the transport ability of railway, and they have been the new trend for railway freight car development. The increase of speed and axle load will lead to the increase of wheel-rail contact stress, which will make a great change of stress distribution in the whole wheel rim. Goodier equation was employed to analyze the stress state around inclusion and cavity. In the operation of wheel-rail contact stress, stress concentration occurred in the pole of Al2O3 spherical inclusion, while it appeared on the equator of cavity. The critical inclusion sizes of 25t axle load freight car wheel at different velocities, a certain distance away from the tread, were calculated by Murakami equation. By contrast the inclusion state in cast-steel wheel and rolled-steel wheel, the inclusion character in cast-steel wheel determined that it has much more excellent crack resistance than that of rolled-steel wheel. In the meantime, in order to reduce the probability of rim crack, some suggestions were put forward.

关键词: heavy-haul;contact stress;critical inclusion size;rim crack

采用NaN3燃烧合成高α相氮化硅粉体

王飞 , 沈卫平 , 葛昌纯

稀有金属材料与工程

采用燃烧合成方法,以NaN3作为固态氮化剂,制备了α相含量高达97%以上的氮化硅粉体.研究了外部氮气压力对于燃烧合成氮化硅粉体的影响.NaN3的加入主要是为燃烧合成反应提供了比N2分子更高化学活性的内部氮源(N3原子团和N原子),同时作为Si-N反应的催化剂,使Si粉在氮气中的燃烧合成反应更加容易进行.适量的NaN3加入能够促进Si粉的完全氮化并提高燃烧产物中的α-Si3N4含量.详细探讨了采用NaN3作为固态氮化剂条件下可能的氮化硅燃烧合成机理.

关键词: 燃烧合成 , NaN3 , 氮化硅

天然海水中NaN3对316L不锈钢表面微生物膜催化阴极氧还原的影响

聂鸳鸳 , 段继周 , 杜敏 , 侯保荣

中国腐蚀与防护学报 doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2013.160

利用荧光显微观察技术选择临界使用浓度的NaN3,分别在O2及N2气氛下采用循环伏安及电化学阻抗技术研究其氧还原过程的电化学行为.结果表明,不锈钢表面的生物膜能够加大还原峰电流密度值,当使用临界浓度的NaN3处理不锈钢试样后,还原峰值明显减小,且峰电位均负移.微生物膜能够促进电子传递给最终电子受体O2,同时降低不锈钢材料发生腐蚀的可能性.由此推测,天然海水中,316L不锈钢表面微生物膜改变了传统阴极氧还原的电子传递途径,即加速了O2作为最终电子受体的电子传递过程,催化了O2的还原;同时,还能够抑制不锈钢材料的腐蚀.

关键词: 天然海水 , 316L不锈钢 , NaN3 , 微生物膜 , 细胞色素c氧化酶 , 氧还原

Preface to Special Issue on Photocatalysis for celebrating the 20th anniversary of Professor Jimmy C. Yu’s return to Hong Kong and leading photocatalytic research there

催化学报 doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61006-3

关键词:

Cu-Zr/ZrN薄膜体系的电阻率和纳米压入研究

白宣羽 , 汪渊 , 徐可为

稀有金属材料与工程

采用磁控溅射方法在Si(111)基片上沉积Cu-Zr/ZrN薄膜体系作为扩散阻挡层.通过比较Cu-Zr/ZrN薄膜体系和三元非晶(Mo,Ta,W)-Si-N的电阻率,同时比较Cu-Zr/ZrN薄膜体系和Ta,YaN的硬度,说明作为扩散阻挡层的材料的选取,应从整体性能上考虑,而不能仅仅考虑热稳定性等单一指标.

关键词: 非晶 , 电阻率 , 纳米压入 , 硬度

纳米Al2O3对尼龙6结晶性能的影响

张玉庆 , 钟明强 , 蔡伟乐 , 蒋东升

高分子材料科学与工程

采用硅烷偶联剂KH-560对纳米氧化铝( nano-Al2O3)进行表面处理后与尼龙6(PA6)熔融共混制备PA6/nan-Al2O3复合材料,用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了材料断面形貌,借助差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了原料配比及降温速率对PA6/nan-Al2O3复合材料结晶性能影响.结果表明,nan-Al2O3在PA6结晶过程中起异相成核作用,限制了PA6分子链运动,使复合材料玻璃化转变温度及结晶度提高,非等温结晶过冷度降低,结晶速率加快;材料结晶温度、结晶焓、结晶度随降温速率增加而下降.

关键词: 尼龙6 , 纳米氧化铝 , 复合材料 , 结晶性能 , 成核作用

Studies of the g factors and the local structure for Ni3+in LaAl0.9Ni0.1O3, La0.75Y0.25Al0.99Ni0.01O3 and YAl0.9Ni0.1O3

Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids

The electron paramagnetic resonance g factors and the local structure for Ni3+ in LaAl0.9Ni0.1O3 (LAN), La0.75Y0.25Al0.99Ni0.01O3 (LYAN) and YAl0.9Ni0.1O3 (YAN) are theoretically studied from the perturbation formulas of the g factors for a 3d7 ion of low spin (S = 1/2) in tetragonally elongated octahedra. In these formulas, the contributions to the g factors from the tetragonal distortion, characterized by the tetragonal field parameters Ds and Dt are taken into account. According to the calculations, the ligand octahedra around Ni3+ are suggested to suffer 2% relative elongation along the [001] (or C4) axis due to the Jahn-Teller effect.

关键词: defect structures;electron paramagnetic resonance;crystal-fields and;spin Hamiltonians;Ni3+;LaAlO3;LaYAlO3;YAlO3;atomic screening constants;optical-spectra;paramagnetic-resonance;superconducting tapes;lattice-distortions;superposition model;scf;functions;cr3+ ions;crystals;epr

非微扰QCD和核遮蔽效应对K因子的影响

智海素 , 侯召宇

原子核物理评论 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-4627.2006.01.002

考虑非微扰量子色动力学物理真空夸克凝聚效应,计算了碳核与碳核在质心系能量分别为630和200 GeV时碰撞Drell-Yan过程的K因子,以及加入核遮蔽因子后非微扰效应对K因子的影响,并把计算结果与没有考虑夸克凝聚非微扰效应的K值进行了对比.结果表明,非微扰效应和核遮蔽效应对K因子影响很小.

关键词: K因子 , Drell-Yan过程 , 夸克凝聚 , 非微扰量子色动力学 , 核遮蔽效应

EFFECTIVE-MEDIUM THEORY OF PIEZOELECTRIC COMPOSITES

Journal of Applied Physics

Based on the developed multiple-scattering theory [C.-W. Nan and F. S. Jin, Phys. Rev. B 48, 8578 (1993)], an effective-medium theory (EMT) is proposed to treat coupled electromechanical behavior in composite media. The explicit relations for determining effective behavior of piezoelectric composites are derived. To illustrate the technique, numerical results of piezoelectric ceramic/epoxy composites for various particle shapes are presented over the whole range of concentrations. The EMT estimates are shown to be in good agreement with available experimental results. Porous piezoelectric ceramics are also discussed. The EMT predicts a similar critical behavior for heterogeneous piezoelectric materials to recent experiments.

关键词: electromechanical properties;ceramics