Hiroshi Takechi Nippon Steel Corporation
,
Japan.
材料科学技术（英文）
This paper reviews recent developments in the contin- uous processing of steels in Japan.The following items are discussed:continuous casting-direct rolling(CC-DR) process of hot-rolled strip:thermomechanical control process(TMCP)of heavy plates:in—line heat treating pro- cess of rails:direct lead patenting(DLP)process of wire rods;and fully integrated processing line(FIPL)of cold-rolled strip.
关键词:
continuous casting
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null
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null
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null
K. Mii (Sumitomo Metal Industries
,
Ltd.
,
1-t-3 Otemachi
,
Tokyo 100
,
Japan)M Amano (National Research Institute for Metals
,
1-2-1 Sengen
,
Tsukuba 305
,
Japan)
金属学报(英文版)
The R & D of hydrogen absorbing alloys in Japan started in the early 1970s.Many alloys such as TiMm1.5 based alloys, Fe-Ti-O alloys (e.g. FeTi1.15 O0.024) andthe(mischmetal)Ni5 based alloys (e.g. MmNi4.5 Cr0.46 Mn0.04) were developed by the early 1980s. The application of these alloys to hydrogen storage, heat storage, heat pump, hydrogen purification and motor vehicles has been tried in many iaboratories,and the various techniques for using hydrogen absorbing alloys have been developed.The standarkization of evaluation methods for hydrogen absorbing alloys has been promoted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), and four of them were established as Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS).Alloys for Ni-Metal Hydride batteries have been extensively investigated since 1987in Japun. Mm-Ni-Co-Al-Mn alloys (e.g. MmNi3.55 Co0.75Al0.9Mn0.4) have been devel-oped and commereialized since 1990. The amount of production of small-size Ni-MH batteries in 1995 was about three hundred milliion in number and about one hundred billion yen. The R & D for higher enerpy-density Ni-MH batteries is intensively in progress.MITI and STA (Science and Technology Agency) have promoted the R & D of hydro-gen absorbing alloys in Japan by carrying out the national projects such as Sunshine Program (MITI: 1974-1993) and Utilization of Wind Engeray (STA 1980-1985). The New Sunshine Program (MITI 1993-2020) have started in 1993. This program con-tains the application of hydrogen absorbing alloys to Economical- Enerpy- City System and to We-NET (International Clean Energy System of Technology Utilizing Hydro-gen: World Energy Network.
关键词:
hydrogen absorbing alloy
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null
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null
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null
Fumin XU
金属学报(英文版)
Two kinds of low carbon bainite materials were developed for fishplate usage. The microstructures and mechanical properties were measured in details. The results showed that one material was composed of fine granular bainite with the yield strength of 722 MPa at room temperature and 738 MPa at -55℃, and elongation percentages of 60.7 % and 41.7 %, respectively. The other one had a meta-bainite microstructure with corresponding strengths of 568.5~MPa and 700~MPa, elongation percentages of 63.5 % and 67.1 %, respectively. These values are all superior to the home-made B7 steel and the fishplate materials made in Japan. The major strengthening mechanisms were discussed and attributed to the solid solution, complex phases, fine grain and dislocation strengthening.
关键词:
Fishplate
詹茂盛
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方义
,
王瑛
,
范荣峥
航空材料学报
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5053.2000.04.010
在40℃和80℃环境中,分别对Bayer-PC、Japan-PC、Korea-PC三种聚碳酸酯缺口冲击试样进行了热空气老化和热水老化实验研究.在0～400h老化时间内,研究了这三种PC的热空气老化和热水老化对冲击强度和断面形貌的影响,讨论了PC热空气老化和热水老化机理.结果表明:老化前,Japan-PC、Korea-PC和Bayer-PC冲击强度分别为95kJ/m2、83 kJ/m2和55 kJ/m2;在40℃和80℃热空气老化后,三种PC冲击强度均有所下降,其中80℃热空气老化引起的降幅最大,热空气老化400h后的冲击强度顺序为Japan-PC>Korea-PC>Bayer-PC,在40℃热水老化后,三种PC的冲击强度几乎不受老化时间影响;在80℃热水老化后,三种PC冲击强度均有所下降,其中Bayer-PC降幅最小,Japan-PC次之,Korea-PC最大,但PC的平衡冲击强度大小与热空气老化的情况相同.由扫描电镜对冲击断面形貌观察可知,未老化的三种PC均以剪切屈服破坏机理为主,老化后的三种PC主要以银纹集中破坏机理为主.
关键词:
聚碳酸酯
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热空气老化
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热水老化
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破坏形貌
D.Watanabe
金属学报(英文版)
Cost reduction in electric power generation is a major management concern, and it is therefore necessary to reduce maintenance expenses while upholding plant reliability. A maintenance optimization system "FREEDOM", which uses RBM technique, DCF (discounted cash flow) and NPV (net present value) calculation functions, has been newly developed. This system probabilistically evaluates the lifetime of boiler and turbine and quantitatively calculates the risk defined as the cumulative probability of failure multiplied by the consequence of failure. Economically optimized timing of inspection and alternative countermeasure such as repair and replacement are then recommended. This system has already been applied to seven plants in Japan, and its effectiveness has been confirmed.
关键词:
plant asset management
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null
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null
Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Part 1-Regular Papers Brief Communications & Review Papers
The temperature, frequency, and voltage dependences of the dielectric properties of 0.93Pb(Fe(1/2)Nb(1/2))O(3)-0.07PbTiO(3) single crystals were investigated in the temperature range of 100-300 K. An anisotropic colossal dielectric response was observed when the probe of the AC field was along the [100] and [111] directions. One relaxation was detected in the [100] direction, while two relaxations were detected in the [111] direction. The activation energies of the relaxations are in the range of 0.155-0.190 eV, indicating that the relaxations are probably caused by 3d electrons hopping between Fe(2+) and Fe(3+). The origin of the anisotropic colossal dielectric response can be explained by a "two-hopping path'' model. (C) 2011 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
关键词:
ceramics
Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Part 1-Regular Papers Brief Communications & Review Papers
The structures and dielectric properties of Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)(1-x)TixO3 (PFNT, x = 0.07 and 0.48) single crystals were investigated using a combination of temperature-dependent dielectric, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra. Detailed structure analyses reveal that the crystal structure of PFNT (x = 0.48) is single-phase tetragonal perovskite, whereas that of PFNT (x = 0.07) is a mixture of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. The structural differences are found to have significant connections with the dielectric properties in the temperature range of 90-300 K. Both samples exhibit a frequency-dependent dielectric anomaly, arising primarily from the 3d electrons hopping between Fe2+ and Fe3+. The second dielectric anomaly, which is a weak frequency dispersion and observable only for PFNT (x = 0.07), was probably caused by a dipole glass behavior near the morphotropic phase boundary. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
关键词:
iron;fe;ceramics;region;xanes
Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Part 1-Regular Papers Brief Communications & Review Papers
Single-walled carbon nanotube:poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) hybrid film (SWCNT:PEDOT/PSS) hybrid conducting film was obtained by using spray-coating technique, based on which a white flexible organic light emitting diode (FOLED) was fabricated with the structure of SWCNT:PEDOT/PSS/N,N-diphenyl-N,N-bis(1-napthyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine/5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene:4,4'-bis(2,2'-diphenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl/4,7-diphenyl-1,1'-phenanthroline/LiF/Al. The hybrid film exhibited superior surface morphology, electrical conductivity to the pure SWCNT network. The as-fabricated FOLED showed a stable white emission that is close to the equi-energy white point upon bending, and the light-emitting efficiency of the device was significantly improved by using the hybrid film as anode. The hybrid film holds promise for application in flexible lighting and display. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
关键词:
solar-cells;electrodes;nanotubes;flexibility;pedot/pss
Yukio TAKAHASHI，Masaaki TABUCHI
金属学报(英文版)
Strength of welded joints of high chromium steels is one of the important concerns for fabricators and operators of ultra supercritical thermal power plants. A number of creep as well as creep-fatigue tests with tensile hold have been carried out on the welded joints of two types of high chromium steels widely used in Japan, i.e. Grade 91 and 122 steels. It was found that failure occurred in fine grain heat-affected zone in all the creep-fatigue tests, even at a relatively low temperature and fairly short time where failure occurred in plain base metal region in simple creep testing. Four procedures were used to predict failure lives and their results were compared with the test results. A newly proposed energy-based approach gave the best estimation of failure life, without respect of the material and temperature.
关键词:
Creep
