材料期刊网，材料期刊，材料类期刊，材料期刊投稿

A transient three-dimensional mathematical model has been developed to analyze the three-phase flow in a 150 t EAF (electric arc furnace) using oxygen. VOF (multiphase volume of fluid) method is used to simulate the behaviors of molten steel and slag. Numerical simulation was conducted to clarify the transient phenomena of oxygen impingement on molten bath. When oxygen jet impinges on the surface of molten bath, the slag layer is broken and the penetrated cavity in molten steel is created. Simultaneously, the wave is formed at the surface of uncovered steel on which the slag layer is pushed away by jet. The result of numerical simulations shows that the area and velocity of uncovered steel created by impingement, jet penetration depth change from 0.10 m2, 0.0125 m/s, 3.58 cm to 0.72 m2, 0.1445 m/s, 11.21 cm, when the flow rate of an oxygen lance varies from 500 to 2000 m3/h. The results have been validated against water model experiments. More specially, the relation between the penetration depth and oxygen flow rate predicted by numerical simulation has been found to agree well with that concluded by water model.

关键词: electric arc furnace , three-phase flow , numerical simulation

THERMAL NUCLEATION AND GROWTH OF He BUBBLES IN He IMPLANTED STAINLESS STEELS

ZHANG Lei WANG Peixuan TAO Rong MA Ruzhang ZHANG Guoguang University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , China professor , Department of Materials Physics.University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083 , China

金属学报(英文版)

Nucleation and growth of He bubbles at different annealing temperatures T≤1023 K in stain- less steels HR-2 and SS321,implanted with He~+(40-70 keV.1×10~(16)-6× 10~(17) He~+/cm~2),were ohserved under TEM.T=0.45T_m seems to be a transition temperature.The He bubbles continue mainly their nucleation at 0.3T_m< T<0.45T_m,and grow predominantly at T≥0.45T_m,due probably to migration and coalescence by surface diffusion of metal atoms around the bubbles.The apparent activation energies for the growth are found to he 0.41 and 0.31 eV for HR-2 and SS321 respectively.The bubble density in HR-2 is greater than that in SS321 within whole measuring temperature range,and the onset temperature of rapid swelling is also higher.It is believed that the resistance of HR-2 to He is superior to that fo SS321.

关键词: stainless steel , null , null , null , null

高温退火后含He纳米晶钛膜中He相关缺陷的演化

李悦 , 邓爱红 , 刘莉 , 王康 , 谢莎

材料研究学报

利用x射线衍射(xRD)和慢正电子束分析(SPBA)技术研究高温退火后含He钛膜的微观结构和钛膜内He相关缺陷的演化.XRD分析表明,高温退火后Ti和Si在高温下发生反应形成稳定的多晶TiSi2化合物,He原子的掺入会影响TiSi2晶体的择优取向,而对TiSi2晶粒尺寸的影响较小.SPBA结果表明,室温下,钛膜内的缺陷浓度或尺寸会随着掺He浓度的增加而增大;高温退火后,当He浓度小于5％(原子分数,下同)时(除2％外),钛膜内的He相关缺陷浓度随着He浓度增加相应地增加.当He浓度增加到14％时,高温会使较高浓度的He原子、He-空位复合体以及小He泡迁移聚集形成一些尺寸较大He泡,而较大He泡周围与He相关的小尺寸缺陷的浓度则会发生相应地减少.

关键词: 金属材料 , 含He钛膜 , 直流磁控溅射 , He相关缺陷 , XRD , SPBA

直流磁控溅射沉积含He钛膜的研究

施立群 , 金钦华 , 刘超卓 , 徐世林 , 周筑颖

原子核物理评论 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-4627.2005.01.045

研究了用He/Ar混合溅射气体的直流磁控溅射制备钛膜中He的掺入现象.分析结果表明,大量的He原子(He/Ti原子比高达56%) 被均匀地引入到Ti膜中,He含量可由混合溅射气体的He分量精确控制.通过调节溅射参数,可实现样品中He的低损伤引入.研究还发现,溅射沉积的含氦Ti膜具有较高的He成泡剂量和高的固He能力,这可能是溅射沉积形成了纳米晶Ti膜所致.纳米晶Ti膜较粗晶材料具有很高浓度的He捕陷中心,使He泡密度增大而泡尺寸减小.随He引入量的增加,Ti膜的晶粒尺寸减小,He引起的晶体点阵参数和X射线衍射峰宽度增大,晶体的无序程度增加.

关键词: 氦 , 损伤 , 泡 , 钛膜 , 溅射沉积

Heuristic treatments of tricritical behaviour as observed in 4He-3He mixtures and in polymeric assemblies

Physics and Chemistry of Liquids

Tricritical behaviour in three dimensions is accessible to experiment in, for example, 4He-3He mixtures and some polymeric assemblies. Here, by largely heuristic arguments, which appeal however to some specific model Hamiltonians, we indicate how one can understand the gist of the experimental results near the tricritical point in the systems cited above. We point out that the spin fluctuations at the tricritical point are much weaker than those at the critical point, which leads to the conclusion that the tricritical behaviours can be described well by the mean-field exponents with logarithmic corrections, at d = 3.

关键词: tricritical behaviour;tricritical exponents;4He-3He mixtures;polymeric assemblies;Ising model;emery-griffiths model;single-ion-anisotropy;ising-model;phase-separation;magnetic-properties;lattice statistics;crystal-field;exponents;superconductivity;transition

低能He2+与He原子碰撞转移电离出射电子能谱研究

冯文天 , 马新文 , 朱小龙 , 张少峰 , 刘惠萍 , 李斌 , 闫顺成

原子核物理评论

利用反应显微成像谱仪对70和100 keV He2+与He原子碰撞转移电离(TI)过程中不同出射角度的电子能谱进行了测量,观测到出射电子能谱具有如下分布特征:出射电子速度分布介于0和入射离子速度νp之间;在不同出射角度电子能谱分布均有一极大值存在,随着出射角度的增大,能谱分布极大值逐渐减小; 当电子出射角度等于45°时,多数电子集中在0 eV附近.上述特征可由低能离子-原子碰撞"准分子"模型进行定性解释.在100 keV He2+-He转移电离出射电子能谱中有靶电子被俘获至散射离子连续态(electron capture to continuum,简称ECC)电子的贡献,这可看做是动力学两步过程的作用.

关键词: 反应显微谱仪 , 转移电离 , ECC电子 , "准分子"模型

非束缚核9He的实验研究

王宏伟

原子核物理评论 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-4627.2004.03.003

简要介绍了目前有关非稳定核9He的实验和理论研究现状.现代壳模型理论计算表明 9He的基态自旋宇称为1/2+, 而不是1/2-, 即存在自旋宇称翻转现象.到目前为止, 实验上虽然观测到了9He的几个共振态, 但还不能确认其基态的能量和自旋宇称值.利用新的实验技术--逆运动学弹性共振散射, 对9He核进行研究, 给出了共振态的自旋宇称可能的取值范围.在ISOL型次级束装置上的实验有望能给出9He核能级的精确测量.

关键词: 放射性束流 , 非束缚核 , 核结构

He注入单晶Si表面形貌的变化研究

李炳生 , 张崇宏 , 杨义涛 , 周丽宏

原子核物理评论

沿Si的(100)面注入He离子, 能量为30 keV、剂量为5×1016 ions/cm2. 注入后样品切成几块, 在真空炉中分别做退火处理, 退火温度从600 ℃到1 000 ℃, 退火时间均为30 min. 利用原子力显微镜研究了各个样品表面形貌的演化. 发现样品表面形貌与退火温度相关联. 假设在气泡中He原子与空位的比值很高, 导致样品内部存在高压的He泡, 从而使样品表面形貌发生变化. 探讨了在Si中He泡随退火温度的演化和He原子在材料中的释放机制及其对表面的影响.

关键词: 单晶Si , 离子注入 , He泡 , 原子力显微镜 , 表面形貌

Cl/Cl2/He+HN3/He反应体系的实验研究

多丽萍 , 唐书凯 , 于海军 , 闵祥德 , 桑凤亭 , 杨柏龄

量子电子学报 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2003.04.009

本文对微波解离Cl2产生Cl,与HN3/He的混合气体反应产生的激发态粒子NCl(a1△)和NCl(b1∑)进行了实验研究.对NCl(a1△)和NCl(b1∑)的荧光光谱进行了测量并对光谱强度沿气流方向的变化趋势以及依赖几种不同气体流量和配比的变化关系进行了研究.给出了NCl(a1△)和NCl(b1∑)产生的最佳实验参数及配比关系,并对结果做了讨论.

关键词: NCl(a1△)和NCl(b1∑) , C1/Cl2/He+HN3/He , 激发态粒子