材料期刊网

固体氧化物电化学装置用高温 SiO2-Al2O3-BaO-MgO 和SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2-CaO-Na2O 玻璃陶瓷密封剂

S. QI , N. M. POROTNIKOVA , M. V. ANANYEV , A. V. KUZMIN , V. A. EREMIN , A. A. PANKRATOV , N. G. MOLCHANOVA , O. G. REZNITSKIKH , A. S. FARLENKOV , E. G. VOVKOTRUB , Yu. P. ZAIKOV

中国有色金属学报(英文版) doi:10.1016/S1003-6326(16)64421-7

制备了在燃料电池中作为密封剂使用的操作温度可达700~900°C 的 SiO2?Al2O3?BaO?MgO 和SiO2?Al2O3?ZrO2?CaO?Na2O 系玻璃陶瓷。采用同步热分析和高温膨胀测量技术，对所研究的玻璃陶瓷的热性能和其与燃料电池用材料(YSZ 电解质，合金连接器 Crofer22APU,15Х25Т)的匹配性能进行研究。采用原子发射光谱对玻璃陶瓷的元素成分进行分析。结果表明，45%SiO2?15%Al2O3?25%BaO?15%MgO 陶瓷的线膨胀系数为10.0×10?6°C?1，60%SiO2?10%Al2O3?10%ZrO2?5%CaO?15%Na2O 的为9.5×10?6°C ?1。采用扫描电镜对 YSZ/玻璃陶瓷/Crofer22APU 的界面结构进行分析。SiO2?Al2O3?BaO?MgO 玻璃中的硅酸盐相发生了晶化，采用拉曼光谱和X 射线衍射对晶化产物进行了分析。与非晶玻璃相比，所研究的玻璃陶瓷作为电化学或氧传感器中的密封剂使用时具有更佳的性能指标。而 SiO2?Al2O3?ZrO2?CaO?Na2O 低温非晶陶瓷可以作为燃料电池中的密封剂使用。

关键词: 玻璃陶瓷密封剂 , 燃料电池 , YSZ , Crofer22APU , 硅酸镁

Semiconducting properties of passive film formed on stainless steel by using A. V. passivation

Acta Chimica Sinica

Passive film formed on 304 stainless steel in 2.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution by using alternating voltage (A. V.) passivation have been investigated by measuring capacitance and photoelectrochemical parameters. The investigation of the effect of measure frequency on the slope of Mott-Schottky curve has been carried out. The photoelectrochemical measurements were consistent with the capacitance measurement. Analysis of the experimental results showed that the passive film formed 304 stainless steel by using A. V. passivation exhibits semiconducting properties. Using the simple model of semiconductor rather than the multi-donor level model can explain satisfactorily the semiconducting behavior of the film formed on 304 stainless steel by using A.V. passivation.

关键词: A. V. passivation;passive film;semiconducting properties;stainless;steel;model;electrodes

缓蚀剂阳极脱附现象的研究──V.缓蚀剂脱附与金属阳极过程

王佳 , 曹楚南

中国腐蚀与防护学报

根据缓蚀剂阳极脱附与金属阳极溶解相互作用的分析，建立了描述缓蚀剂体系中金属阳极过程动力学规律的物理模型。依据该模型讨论了缓蚀剂覆盖度随电位与浓度的变化、脱附电位与半覆盖电位、电位扰动与浓度扰动的电流响应及稳态阳极极化曲线。

关键词: 缓蚀剂 , Desorption , Kinetics

First-principles study of transport of V doped boron nitride nanotube

Physics Letters A

We perform first-principles calculations of spin-dependent quantum transport in V doped boron nitride nanotube: the junction of pristine (6, 0) boron nitride nanotube in contact with V doped (6, 0) boron nitride nanotube electrodes. Large tunnel magnetoresistance and perfect spin filtration effect are obtained. The zero bias tunnel magnetoresistance is found to be several thousand percent, it reduces monotonically to zero with a voltage scale of about 0.65 V, and eventually goes to negative values after the bias of 0.65 V. The ratio of spin injection is above 95% till the bias of 0.85 V and is even as large as 99% for the bias from 0.25 eV to 0.55 eV when the magnetic configurations of two electrodes are parallel. The understanding of the spin-dependent nonequilibrium transport is presented by investigating microscopic details of the transmission coefficients. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词: first-principles;one-dimensional;tunnel magnetoresistance;spin filter;large magnetoresistance;ferromagnetic-films;sic nanowires;bn;nanotubes;systems;conductance;junctions

Electronic effects of alloying elements Nb and V on body-centred-cubic Fe grain boundary cohesion

Journal of Physics-Condensed Matter

The segregation effects of Nb and V on bcc FeSigma3[110](111) grain boundary cohesion are studied by the first-principles DMol method within the framework of density functional theory. The calculated segregation energy difference between the grain boundary and the corresponding free surface is -0.51 eV (-0.58 eV) for solute Nb (V), which indicates that both Nb and V could enhance the grain boundary cohesion in body-centred-cubic Fe. We found that the chemical effect and the geometry effect of Nb (V) play crucial but opposite roles in determining whether a material is brittle or ductile. The chemical effect is dominant and advantageous for grain boundary cohesion. Also, Nb and V show very different behaviours: in chemical effect, Nb is more conducive to ductility than V; while in the geometry effect, Nb is less conducive to ductility and more conducive to embrittlement than V.

关键词: first-principles determination;local-density;embrittlement;iron;phosphorus;hydrogen

Apatite formation on anodized Ti-6Al-4V alloy in simulated body fluid

Metals and Materials International

Titania layers were successfully prepared on the surfaces of Ti-6Al-4V alloy via anodic oxidation in H(2)SO(4) or Na(2)SO(4) solutions at room temperature. The titania layers consisted of pure rutile or a mixture of anatase and rutile structures after the Ti-6Al-4V alloy had been anodized in 1.0 M H(2)SO(4) solution at 150 V or 0.5M Na(2)SO(4) solution at 100 or 130 V. Good apatite-forming ability was demonstrated in simulated body fluid. However, surface layers with mainly titanium metallic phase or a pure anatase structure did not possess the ability to induce apatite formation. Anodic oxidation is an effective method to prepare bioactive Ti-6Al-4V alloy that can be used as an artificial bone substitute under load-bearing applications.

关键词: alloys;anodization;surface;x-ray diffraction;apatite;bioactive titanium metal;chemical surface-treatment;heat-treatments;oxide-films;oxidation;coatings;ability;bone;ca

Ti-6Al-4V合金熔体中各组元挥发趋势

刘贵仲 , 苏彦庆 , 郭景杰 , 丁宏升 , 贾均 , 傅恒志

材料科学与工艺 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-0299.2001.02.015

在基于本课题组建立的熔体组元活度系数计算模型的基础上,计算了Ti-6Al-4V熔体中各组元的活度系数及其蒸气压,推导了判断熔体组元挥发趋势的相对挥发系数β.研究结果表明:在熔体温度低于2 000 K时,铝钛相对挥发系数β(Al:Ti)＞17,铝钒相对挥发系数β(Al:V)＞96,钛钒相对挥发系数β(Ti:V)＞5,即熔炼过程中组元挥发趋势从大到小依次为Al,Ti,V.这说明熔体成分变化主要是由于Al元素的挥发所致.

关键词: Ti-6Al-4v合金 , 活度系数 , 饱和蒸气压 , 挥发趋势

Fabrication and electrochromic properties of double layer WO3(V)/V2O5(Ti) thin films prepared by pulsed laser ablation technique

Thin Solid Films

Single and double layers of tungsten oxide and vanadium oxide thin films have been deposited on In2O3:SnO2 (ITO) glass using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique at a substrate heating temperature of 200 degreesC and in rich oxygen pressure. The structural properties and chemical composition of as-deposited WO3(V) and V2O5(Ti) thin films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum (RS), and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS). The as-deposited V2O5 doped WO3 thin film on ITO glass showed an amorphous structure. Highly oriented growth nano-crystalline TiO2 doped V2O5 thin films with polycrystalline orthorhombic structure were successfully synthesized on ITO glass using the scanning laser ablation technique at a deposition temperature as low as 200 degreesC. Cyclic voltammograms, at a sweep rate of 50 mV s(-1), show that long-term degradation was noticed for the as-deposited WO3(V) thin film, and no Ion-term degradation was noticed for the as-deposited double layer WO3(V)/V2O5(Ti) thin film. Durability was verified to 8000 cycles in the voltage range between -1.0 and 1.0 V. It is demonstrated that these double layer WO3(V)/V2O5(Ti) thin films on ITO are good candidates for cathode thin films for rechargeable batteries and electrochromic devices. As the additional top layer of V2O5M) possesses nano-crystalline and c-axis oriented structure, which is suitable for Li-ions transport, the cycle stability and reversibility of WO3(V) films have been improved. Double layer WO3(V)/V2O5(Ti) thin films provide a neutral brownish blue electrochromic color. Therefore, this double layer film maybe suitable for most building applications. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词: V2O5(Ti);WO3(V) thin films;double layers;pulsed laser deposition;technique;electrochromic properties;chemical-vapor-deposition;vanadium-titanium-oxide;electrical-properties;optical-properties;induced coloration;v2o5;wo3;growth;no2

EFFECT OF AN ELASTIC-PLASTIC SHOCK-WAVE .A. ON THE FATIGUE-STRENGTH OF WELDED-JOINTS

Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures

Fatigue data for welded joints subjected to an explosion treatment (ET) were obtained using rotary bending fatigue specimens. The fatigue fracture surfaces were observed by SEM and the dislocation morphologies by TEM. Mechanical properties have been quantitively studied by considering elastic and plastic shock wave characteristics. The test results indicate that the fatigue strength of welded joints subjected to ET is apparently improved due to the action of elastic or plastic stress waves while the ductility of the welded joints, i.e., reduction in area, is greatly increased.

关键词:

Mo、V、Cr对钛合金β相的合金化效应

葛鹏 , 吴欢 , 赵永庆

中国材料进展 doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2016.10.06

为了研究钛合金中常用β合金元素Mo、V、Cr等对β相合金化的影响,通过设计制备一系列不同元素含量的Ti-Mo、Ti-V、Ti-Cr二元β型钛合金,分析了含单一合金化元素的β型钛合金的显微组织、硬度及室温拉伸性能.结果发现:随着合金中β稳定元素含量的增加,所有二元合金的晶格常数及晶粒尺寸都呈减小的趋势,其中元素Cr具有最强烈的减小晶格常数效应,而元素Mo对晶粒细化的效果最显著.成分为Ti-xV、Ti-xCr的β相的拉伸强度随元素含量增加的变化规律与硬度变化相似,先减小后增加.Ti-xMo拉伸强度则随元素含量的增加强度升高.元素Cr对β相的强化效果高于Mo和V.

关键词: 钛合金 , 合金元素 , β相 , 强化