Jiansong WAN
,
Zhufeng YUE
,
Xiaoliang GENG
,
Zhixian LU
材料科学技术（英文）
The influence of the grain boundary on the fatigue behavior was studied by two three-point-bending (TPB) specimens. One TPB specimen was named Bicrystal 1, whose pre-crack was along the grain boundary and the applied load paralleled to pre-crack direction, while the other TPB specimen was named Bicrystal 2, whose the pre-crack was perpendicular to the grain boundary and the applied load paralleled also to the pre-crack. It was found that the rate of the fatigue crack growth of Bicrystal 1 was about a tenfold higher than that of Bicrystal 2. The fatigue behavior of Bicrystal 2 specimens was dependent on the distance between the crack tip and grain boundary. The crack growth rate was highest when the crack tip was at a critical distance to the grain boundary, while the rate was the lowest when the crack tip reached grain boundary. After the crack was over the grain boundary, the crack growth rate increased. The crystallographic finite element method was applied to analyze the stress and strain structure ahead of the crack, in order to reveal the above characteristics of the fatigue behavior. It is the grain boundary-induced redistribution of stresses near the crack tip that induces the difference of fatigue behavior.
关键词:
Bicrystals
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Jiansong WAN
,
Zhufeng YUE
材料科学技术（英文）
The stress characteristics in the anisotropic bicrystal and tricrystal specimens were analyzed using the anisotropic elastic model, orthotropic Hill$'$s model and rate-dependent crystallographic model. The finite element analysis results show that non-uniform stresses are induced by the grain boundary. For bicrystal specimens in different crystallographic orientations, there exist stress concentrations and high stress gradients nearby the boundaries. The activation and slipping of the slip systems are dependent on the crystallographic orientations of the grains and also on the relative crystallographic orientations of the two adjoining grains. For the tricrystal specimens, there is not always any stress concentrations in the triple junction, and the concentration degree depends on the relative crystallographic orientations of the three grains. Different from the bicrystal specimens, there may be or no stress concentration in the vicinity of grain boundaries for the tricrystal specimens, which depends on the relative crystallographic orientations of the three grains. The stress concentration near to the grain boundaries and triple junction can be high enough for the local plastic deformation, damage and voiding or cracking even when the whole specimen is still under the elastic state. It can be further concluded that homogeneous assumption for polycrystalline materials is not suitable to study the detailed meso- or micro-mechanisms for damaging and fracturing.
关键词:
Crystallographic plasticity
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