S.S. Yan
,
J.X. Lou
,
L. Zhang
,
R.Z. Zhang
,
Y.M. Zhang
,
Y.H. Liu
,
L.M. Mei and J. Huang(Department of Physics
,
Shandong University
,
Jinan 250100
,
China)(Department of Environment Engineering
,
Shandong University
,
Jinan 250100
,
China)
金属学报(英文版)
Co/Cu discontinuons multilayers were prepared by rf-sputtering method under high sputtering power and then annealed at various temperutures in a high vacuum. The structural, magnetic and transport properties were strongly influenced by the annealing temperature. The annealed samples obviously became discontinuous multilayers.A maximum magnetoresistance ratio of 5.6% was obtained under a relatively low saturation field of about 400 (103/4π)A/m at the optimum annealing temperature of 450℃. When the annealing temperature was increased, the resistivity decreased, and the coercive force and the saturation field increased. The magnetoresistance ratio also depended on the thickness of Co and Cu layers. The magnetic and transport properties were explained on the basis of the discontinuous multilayered structure.
关键词:
discontinuous multilayers
,
null
,
null
Andrej Atrens
材料科学技术（英文）
Corrosion research by Atrens and co-workers has made significant contributions to the understanding of the service performance of engineering materials. This includes: (1) elucidated corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys, stainless steels and Cu alloys, (2) developed an improved understanding of passivity in stainless steels and binary alloys such as Fe-Cr, Ni-Cr, Co-Cr, Fe-Ti, and Fe-Si, (3) developed an improved understanding of the melt spinning of Cu alloys, and (4) elucidated mechanisms of environment assisted fracture (EAF) of steels and Zr alloys. This paper summarises contributions in the following: (1) intergranular stress corrosion cracking of pipeline steels, (2) atmospheric corrosion and patination of Cu, (3) corrosion of Mg alloys, and (4) transgranular stress corrosion cracking of rock bolts.
关键词:
Stress corrosion cracking
,
null
,
null
LIU Chengjun
,
SHI Peiyang
,
ZHANG Dayong
,
JIANG Maofa
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
A great amount of ferrous tailings and slag cause severe damage to the ecological environment, which must be reclaimed and utilized. The composition, type, and characteristics of ferrous tailings and slag in China were introduced. The research status and the application outlook of glass ceramics made from ferrous tailings and slag were discussed. Glass ceramics made from ferrous tailings and slag can be applied to various fields, and it will be environmentally conscious materials in the 21st century.
关键词:
glass ceramics;ferrous tailings;slag
QIAO Lijie LIU Rui XIAO Jimei University of Science and Technology Beijing
,
Beijing
,
China
金属学报(英文版)
The effects of stress components on nucleation sites and propagation directions of stress cor- rosion cracks in brass were investigated with specimens under mode Ⅱ and mode Ⅲ loadings. The results indicated that under mode Ⅱ loading,stress corrosion cracks nucleated on the site with maximum normal stress component and propagated along the plane perpendieular to the maximum normal stress,under mode Ⅲ loading,the stress corrosion crack was not evident on the 45°plane due to the general corrosion in aqueous solution with high NH_4OH concentra- tion,while stress corroded in aqueous solution with low NH_4OH concentration, numerous cracks with spacings of 10—150μm were found on the 45°plane with maximum normal stress and no stress corrosion cracks was observed on the plane with maximum shear stress.
关键词:
stress corrosion cracking
,
null
,
null
,
null
Materials Science & Engineering C-Biomimetic Materials Sensors and Systems
Bamboo, one of the strongest natural structural composite materials, has many distinguishing features. It has been found that its reinforcement unit, hollow, multilayered and spirally-wound bast fiber, plays an extremely important role in its mechanical behavior. In the present work, on the basis of the study on bamboo bast fiber and wood tracheid, a biomimetic model of the reinforcing element, composed of two layers of helically wound fiber, was suggested. To detect the structural characteristics of such a microstructure, four types of macro fiber specimens made of engineering composites were employed: axially aligned solid and hollow cylinders, and single- and double-helical hollow cylinders. These specimens were subjected to several possible loadings, and the experimental results reveal that only the double-helical structural unit possesses the optimum comprehensive mechanical properties. An interlaminar transition zone model imitating bamboo bast fiber was proposed and was verified by engineering composite materials. In our work, the transition zone can increase the interlaminar shear strength of the composite materials by about 15%. These biomimetic structural models can be applied in the design and manufacture of engineering composite materials.
关键词:
bamboo;bast fiber;biomimetics;engineering composites
F.S. Tan
,
L.N. Sun
,
W.B. Rong
,
J. Zhu
金属学报(英文版)
Micromanipulation has been recognized to be very
difficult due to the inefficiency of traditional micromanipulation
methods. The paper present a general framework for
micromanipulation robot based on virtual reality technology. The
significance of introducing virtual reality into micromanipulation
is analyzed, and the current research in this field is reviewed.
Based on this, we propose a micromanipulation system that
integrates virtual environment with vision feedback and force
feedback. The system realizes vision close-loop control and force
close-loop control to enhance the performance of micromanipulation
device. A graphics modelling method is proposed for a
microassembly task. Hardware and software implementation is
described and discussion about the research is presented.
关键词:
micromanipulation
,
null
,
null
Science
Strengthening materials traditionally involves the controlled creation of internal defects and boundaries so as to obstruct dislocation motion. Such strategies invariably compromise ductility, the ability of the material to deform, stretch, or change shape permanently without breaking. Here, we outline an approach to optimize strength and ductility by identifying three essential structural characteristics for boundaries: coherency with surrounding matrix, thermal and mechanical stability, and smallest feature size finer than 100 nanometers. We assess current understanding of strengthening and propose a methodology for engineering coherent, nanoscale internal boundaries, specifically those involving nanoscale twin boundaries. Additionally, we discuss perspectives on strengthening and preserving ductility, along with potential applications for improving failure tolerance, electrical conductivity, and resistance to electromigration.
关键词:
strain-rate sensitivity;stacking-fault energy;nano-scale twins;cu-al;alloys;nanocrystalline metals;mechanical-properties;activation;volume;copper;deformation;behavior
Materials Chemistry and Physics
The atmospheric corrosion performance of carbon steel exposed in Warming area, which located in the south part of China with tropic marine environment characters, was studied at different exposure periods (up to 2 years). To investigate the effect of beta-FeOOH on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in high chloride ion environment, rust layer was analyzed by using infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and the rusted steel was measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method. The weight loss test indicated that the corrosion rate of carbon steel sharply increased during 6 months' exposure and gradually reduced after longer exposure. The results of rust analysis revealed that the underlying corrosion performance of the carbon steel was dependent on the inherent properties of the rust layers formed under different conditions such as composition and structure. Among all the iron oxide, beta-FeOOH exerted significant influence. The presence of a monolayer of the rust as well as beta-FeOOH accelerated the corrosion process during the initial exposure stage. EIS data implied that beta-FeOOH in the inner layer was gradually consumed and transformed to gamma-Fe(2)O(3) in the wet-dry cycle, which was beneficial to protect the substrate and reduced the corrosion rate. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词:
Corrosion;Monolayer;Oxide;Infrared spectroscopy;weathering steel;rust layer;impedance spectroscopy;atmospheric;corrosion;synchrotron-radiation;protective ability;interface;water;iron;temperature
