采用不同链长的乙二胺(EDA)、己二胺(HMDA)和癸二胺(DMDA)对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行了修饰.利用红外光谱、拉曼光谱、透射电镜及X射线光电子能谱对二元胺修饰的MWCNTs的化学结构进行了表征.结果表明:二元胺可以有效地修饰MWCNTs.经胺化修饰后,MWCNTs-EDA、MWCNTs-HMDA、MWCNTsDMDA表面的N元素含量可分别达到3.52%、4.18%和2.88%,表明在相同的氨化条件下,己二胺的接枝率最高.进一步采用紫外-可见吸收光谱及全能稳定性分析仪对不同链长的二元胺修饰的氨基化MWCNTs在有机溶剂中的分散性进行了半定量的表征.结果显示:氨基化修饰有效改善了碳纳米管在极性溶剂中的分散稳定性,其中己二胺修饰的MWCNTs在乙醇中的分散稳定性最好.将MWCNTs-HMDA引入到传统的炭纤维/环氧树脂复合材料体系中,复合材料的冲击性能及弯曲性能均有较大提高.
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