以氯化锌(ZnCl2)和氢氧化钠(NaOH)为原料,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)作添加剂,采用简单的低温陈化法在85℃合成出了多种形貌的ZnO微晶.应用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)对产品进行表征.所得粉体均为六方晶系纤锌矿ZnO,其中3-D花状ZnO由多个沿c轴方向生长的1-D结构单晶(花瓣)组成.通过跟踪反应过程中Zn(Ⅱ)浓度的变化趋势,对不同形貌ZnO微晶的生长机理进行了初步探讨.结果表明,ZnO微晶的成核生长速率是其形貌的主要控制因素;同时,花状ZnO的性能指标还受成核数目和生长物源数量的影响.
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