按照"键中取价"的思路,综述了金属中各种键价理论的本质和方法.Pauling金属价键理论从综合性能来定价,建立了共价电子与键长的关系式;Engel- Brewer金属价键理论从键合能来确定价态;Hume-Rothery电子浓度理论从化合物的构来定价;余瑞璜的固体与分子经验电子理论从键距差来定价电子结构;谢佑卿的单原子理论从"能"和"形"来定价电子结构.每种理论从不同方面阐述对金属价的理解.
A review of various bond-valence theories and their principles is presented with a clue to understanding the valence from bond. Pauling determines the valenee from combination property and proposes the model according to which the length of a metallic bond is linearly related to the logarithm of a quantity measuring the number of shared electron pairs involved in the bond. Brewer is using what is termed a Born-Haber-type cycle for the calculation of the valence state. Hume-Rothery determines the valence according to the structure of compounds. Yti Ruihuang calculates the valence electron strueture by means of the bond length difference method based on the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules. Xie Youqing establishes the one-atom-state theory of pure metals with unity of "shape" and "energy" anddevelops one-atom selt-consistency method to determine the valence electron structure. Valence of metal is understood from different aspects of each theory.
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