根据扫描电子束焊机的实际工作环境,建立了扫描电子束铝合金表面处理温度场三维有限元分析模型,分析了试样经电子束照射后表面熔池的形态及组织变化,分析过程中,考虑了试样表面的热辐射和材料的相变,并用实验验证了仿真结果.讨论了束流、束斑直径和扫描半径对扫描电子束表面处理温度场的影响.结果表明:在其它参数不变的情况下,随着束流的增大,试样表面的最高温度基本上呈线性增高,熔池的宽度和深度也有所增大;随着束斑直径的增加,试样表面的最高温度呈线性下降,熔池的深度也略有减小,而宽度则快速地增大;随着扫描半径的增加,最高温度、熔池的宽度和深度均急剧下降.
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