聚丙烯腈原丝（3K,1.1dtex）用硼酸进行浸渍,再分别进行间歇式预氧化和炭化。借助元素分析、X射线衍射、红外分析和扫描电镜等表征手段和力学性能测试,研究了硼酸浸渍对原丝结构、预氧化炭化过程及炭纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明,硼能进入到原丝的内部,但只是物理吸附,在浸渍过程中不改变原丝结构,在预氧化过程,硼钝化了纤维的环化、氧化反应,起始温度推迟2.5℃。在炭化过程中,硼促进了纤维结构的有序化和完善,炭纤维的强度和模量都得到了提高。硼质量分数为1.376×10-4,张力为108 g时,炭纤维抗拉强度为2544 MPa,较同等条件未渗硼的提高约90%。
A polyacrylonitrile fiber （3K, 1. ldtex） was dipped with boric acid, and then was oxidized and carbonized in batches. The influence of boric acid on the structure of the precuror, the process of oxidation and carbonization and the structure and performance of carbon fiber were studied on the characterizations of elemental analysis, X ray diffraction, infrared ray, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscope, as well as fiber density, diameter and tensile strength tests. The results show that boron can enter the interior of the precur~r, but only is physically ad~rbed without chemical reactions. Boron can deactivate the oxidation, making the initial temperature 2.5 ℃ higher. The strength and modulus of carbon fiber are increased significantly. During carbonization, the tensile strength of the carbon fiber is 2544 MPa with the boron mass fraction of 1. 3762 × 10^-4 and the stress of 108 g, 90 % higher than that of boron free samples.
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