为了提高高速钢光谱分析的准确度,在本文中比较系统地研究了激发条件和样品的组织结构对于准确度的影响。 关于激发条件方面,比较了用各种不向光源所得到的单次分析的误差,指出火花光源的分析准确度一般比电弧光源的高,但是用各种光源所得的准确度与所选用的分析线对有密切的关系。考察了电弧电流对于定标曲线的影响,首次观察到在定标曲线斜度b对于电流的关系曲线上当电流约为1安培时有一个最大值出现,对于出现最大值的原因提出了初步的看法。用简单火花光源考察了极距对于定标曲线斜度b的影响,指出增加极距使铬和钒的定标曲线斜度b降低,但是对于钨的却没有显著的影响。 关于组织结构方面,用自己制备的高速钢标准样品制定了具有不同的组织结构(铸造的、热锻的和退火的组织)的样品的定标曲线。用电弧作光源时,观察到组织结构的不同使定标曲线发生平移,用火花光源时这种现象并不显著。根据我们以前关于这方面所得的结果,对于定标曲线的平移现象提出了定性的解释。
In order to improve the accuracy of spectrochemical analysis of high speedsteels, a systematic study of the effect of different excitation conditions and di-fferent micro-structures of the samples on the accuracy of analysis has been made. A statistical study of the experimental error of single determinations showedthat the accuracy of a spark source was higher than that of an arc source, how-ever, this varied much with the different line pairs chosen. The slope (b) of thecalibration curves changed with current in an arc source and the value of b cameto a maximum when the current was in the neighborhood of one ampere. Apossible explanation of the appearance of such a maximum was given. In a sparksource it was found that the slope of the calibration curves of chromium or vana-dium decreased with an increase of the spark gap, but this was insignificant inthe case of tungsten. The effect of micro-structure of samples on calibration curves has also beenstudied. The standard samples of different structures (cast, hot forged and anneal-ed) were prepared for the present investigation. A parallel shift of calibrationcurves due to difference in micro-structure was observed in an arc source but notin a spark source. This type of shift can be explained by the facts obtained fromour previous work on the effect of micro-structure of steel samples on spectroche-mical analysis.
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