以聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)为成膜聚合物,采用熔融纺丝-拉伸法制备FEP中空纤维膜,研究了后拉伸倍数对FEP中空纤维膜结构与性能的影响.结果表明,初生FEP中空纤维膜结构较为致密,拉伸后出现微孔结构.随着拉伸倍数的提高膜的孔隙率和氮气通量明显增大,而液体渗透压(LEP)有所降低.将所得FEP中空纤维膜用于减压膜蒸馏(VMD)研究,并将其与常规熔融纺丝-拉伸法聚丙烯(PP)中空纤维膜比较.结果表明,所得FEP中空纤维膜的疏水性能、液体渗透压力和力学强度均优于PP中空纤维膜.较强的疏水性能使其稳定运行而不被液体渗透,脱盐率稳定在99％以上.同时,FEP中空纤维膜具有较大的内径(0.74 mm),在保证较高脱盐率前提下可采用内压式减压膜蒸馏,且真空膜蒸馏通量随着进料温度的升高显著增高.
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