为了实现体积成形的预成形优化设计,基于双向渐进结构（BESO）优化的思想,提出了一种针对体积成形预成形设计的新方法——拓扑优化法,并详细给出了该方法的优化策略、单元增删准则、插值处理等关键技术.利用自行开发的优化程序,结合DEFORM-2D有限元模拟软件,以理想充填模腔、最小飞边状态为目标,以静水压力的大小作为单元的增删准则,从毛坯的欠填充状态出发,对二维叶片锻件的预成形结构进行了优化设计.优化结果表明：该方法算法原理清晰明确,实现方便,整个过程集成化后,从模拟到优化均可实现自动进行,运行效率高,并具有较高的优化精度.
Based on the Bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization(BESO),a new topology optimization method is proposed and adopted for preform optimization design of bulk metal forming,and the key technologies of topology optimization in detail such as optimal strategy,element removal and addition criteria,interpolation technology,etc are given.By utilizing the self-programmed code and deform-2D FE software,an blade preform optimal case,of which the objective is sufficient filling of die cavity and flash minimization,element removal and addition criteria is hydrostatic stress and initial blank state is insufficient filling,is implemented and evaluated.The result shows that the developed method is explicit in principle and simple to be carried out,it has high operating efficiency and optimal accuracy and can run automatically once be integrated in program code.
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