选取有代表性冶金元素的几种低碳钢和低合金钢，通过在3%NaCl（pH=10）溶液中的极化实验比较它们之间的点蚀诱发敏感性，用电子探针（EPMA）分析钢中夹杂物诱发点蚀的腐蚀特征。结果表明，脱氧程度较差的沸腾钢的抗点蚀诱发能力明显优于脱氧程度完全的镇静钢，经过稀土处理的镇静钢的抗点蚀诱发能力有所改善，介于两者之间。镍铬系低合金钢的抗点蚀诱发能力优于锰系低合金钢，说明钢中合金元素对点蚀诱发敏感性有重要影响钢中夹杂物是最主要的点蚀诱发源，夹杂物边界钢基体表面的氧化膜最薄弱，夹杂物诱发点蚀的最初腐蚀均始于该基体处。
Several low-carbon steels and low-alloy steels with representative metallurgical factors were selected. Their susceptibility to pitting initiation was compared by means of polarization test in 3% NaCl solution with pH=10. Characteristic of pitting initiated by inclusions in steels was analyzed with the EPMA. The results showed that the resistance of susceptibility to pitting in boiling steel was obviously better than that of killed steel, the resistance of susceptibility to pitting in killed steel treated by rare earth was improved, between boiling and killed steel. The resistance of susceptibility of Ni-Cr steel to pit was higher than that of Mn steel, which indicated the susceptibility to pitting initiation was significantly affected by alloy elements. The inclusions were the most primary sites of pitting initiation. Passivation film of boundary between steel matrix and inclusions was the weakest and pitting was firstly initiated there.
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