选择了鋅、鎘、錫、鉛、銻和鉍六种純金属,一种鉛-錫(50％重量百分数)共晶型合金和一种銻-鉍(10％重量百分数)固溶体型合金作研究对象,着重研究了超声波对它們凝固过程的影响,并且从其中选取鋅、鎘、銻、鉍和銻-鉍合金观察了晶粒細化和超声波的关系。結果是:超声波使所有这些金属与合金的冷却速度減緩和凝固时間延长,对于有效冷度的銻、鉛-錫和銻-鉍合金的过冷度减小,一般情况下,超声波可使宏观晶粒細化,随功率增加晶粒細化随金属而异。所有这些是由于超声波在金属中传播时,声能变热能和使欲凝固分子做平行于結晶面振动的結果。
The effects of ultrasonics on the process of solidification have been investiga(?)d in six pure metals (Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb, Sb, and Bi), a Pb-Sn (50%) eutectic alloy nd an Sb-Bi (10％) alloy. It has been found that:(1) ultrasonics reduce the cooling rate and lengthen the time of solidifi(?)tion;(2) ultrasonics reduce degree of supercooling;(3) ultrasonics refine the cast structure and the optimum power imput varies with metal.It is suggested that the change of cooling curve is due to the facs that:(1) the ultrasonic energy is converted into heat;(2) the atoms are compelled to vibrate in a direction para(?)el to the front of crystallization during freezing.
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