回顾了一类新型环境材料—木材陶瓷的研究进展。木材陶瓷具有电磁屏蔽、温度-湿度传感和耐磨擦性能等优异性能,以及特殊的结构特征,使其在功能陶瓷方面具有美好的应用前景。介绍了碳木材陶瓷和SiC木材陶瓷的制备方法、结构和各种性能,以及制备机理。以制备β-SiC为例,详细介绍了Si在碳模板中的渗入和反应机理,并提供了相应的渗入-反应模型。对其他碳化物和氧化物木材陶瓷的研究进行了简要介绍。最后,探讨了木材陶瓷目前存在的问题与相应对策,并对其发展前景进行了展望。
Recent progress in research on a new kind of eco-material, woodceramics, is reviewed. Because of its unusual abrasive, sensitive and electromagnetic
shielding properties, as well as unique structure, woodceramics will probably be widely applied as functional ceramics. The preparation methods,
structure, performances, and preparing mechanisms of carbon woodceramics and SiC woodceramics are summarized. For an example of preparing β-SiC,
the infiltration mechanism of Si into C preform and the corresponding infiltration-reaction models are presented. Besides the above-mentioned two
kinds of woodceramics, other carbide woodceramics and oxide woodceramics are also introduced in brief. Finally, the existing problems and countermeasures
of woodceramics are discussed and suggested, and their application prospects are proposed.
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