以平均孔径为3 μm的大孔α-Al2O3陶瓷管为栽体,采用载体表面预先引入一层ZnO作为连接和诱导成膜的策略,合成连续完整且性能稳定的ZIF-8膜.首先在载体的内表面通过溶剂热生长一层厚度约为5μm的连续多孔ZnO层,起到对载体表面的修饰、连接膜与载体和诱导成膜的多功能作用;然后,甲醇体系溶剂热法在ZnO表面合成得到连续的ZIF-8膜.考察和优化了ZnO层的活化、ZIF-8合成条件对成膜的影响,用SEM、XRD和气体渗透等分析方法对所得ZIF-8膜进行表征.研究表明,ZnO层的连续性和活化处理是成膜的关键,ZnO层不连续难以形成完整连续ZIF-8膜,不活化ZnO则起不到很好的诱导成膜作用.最佳条件下获得的ZIF-8膜的H2通量为2.14×10-7 mol/(s·m2·Pa),H2/CO2、H2/N2、H2/CH4的理想分离系数分别为5.18、8.32、8.30.该膜材料具有明显的筛分效应,且150℃条件下长时间测试稳定性良好.
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