采用X射线衍射分析、透射电子显微镜、振动样品磁强计研究了经400℃低温热处理前后对Sm5Fe80Cu1Si5B3C2.5Zr<3.5>非晶合金的非晶微结构、晶化后纳米复合永磁体的组织结构及磁性能的影响规律.结果表明,非晶合金直接于750℃退火后软磁α-Fe相和硬磁Sm2(Fe,Si)17Cx相的尺寸分别为50.6和20.6nm,体积分数分别为71.1%和28.9%;而经400℃热处理后复纳米晶组织结构中α-Fe相和Sm2(Fe,Si)17Cx相的晶粒尺寸分别改变为36.5和24.4nm,体积分数分别为76.7%和23.3%,磁交换耦合作用明显增强.径向分布函数计算表明,低温热处理优化了非晶合金的短程有序范围、配位数和最近邻原子间距等微结构参数,改变了原始态非晶合金中α-Fe相和Sm2(Fe,Si)17Cx相的晶化行为,这是细化α-Fe/Sm2(Fe,Si)17Cx复合纳米晶结构和提高磁耦合性能的根本原因.
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