从传热学角度通过建立炉缸传热数学模型,分别对大块炭砖的炉缸结构和小块炭砖的炉缸结构进行了讨论.计算了它们在烘炉阶段和高炉开炉后炉缸砖衬的温度,发现了按照目前的烘炉规范进行烘炉,难以将炭砖与冷却壁间的填料烘干,填料的导热系数达不到设计值.填料的存在导致砖衬热面温度升高,致使砖衬侵蚀加剧.因此,在冷却壁与炭砖之间取消填料,让炭砖直接顶砌冷却壁具有明显的传热优势.对于使用小块炭砖的炉缸,可以直接将炭砖顶砌冷却壁,消灭填料对炉缸传热的限制影响;对于大块炭砖结构的炉缸,先采用部分小块炭砖顶砌冷却壁,在小块与大块炭砖间使用填料,将填料向高炉内部推移约200 mm以上,烘炉阶段为了将填料烘干,冷却壁断水烘炉是必需的,为了保证冷却壁的安全,同时讨论了冷却壁断水烘炉应注意的问题.
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