气液两相流分配广泛存在于核能、化工、动力等诸多领域，各支路的干度是否相等对于系统的经济性和安全性具有至关重要的影响。本文从压降角度分析两相的分配问题，分析结果表明：要想获得等干度的分配结果，需要对实际的两相流流型进行矫正和调整，形成两相均匀混合的均相流，同时降低局部阻力效应。现有研究结果证明，两相流分配中引入一些新的结构，如加速管、转轮和转鼓，可以对两相分布进行调节，使得各支路的分配系数相等。转鼓分配实验中，气液两相流的分配系数均能稳定在0．07。总体上，通过离心力来实现两相流等干度分配性能要好于重力效应。
Gas-liquid two-phase distribution is widely used in many industries of nuclear engineering, chemical engineering, and power engineering. Equal phase fraction in different branches is required to improve the economics and safety of the systems. Based on the theoretical analyses on pressure drop of the system, this paper proposes a new method to decrease the deviation in phase fraction among the branches by adjusting the flow pattern into homogeneous. New structures, acceleration tube, rotational drums were tested experimentally in air-water two-phase flows. Different flow patterns were observed to be adjusted to be homogeneous with an acceleration tube. When a rotational drum was applied, flow pattern was perfectly homogeneous. Both extraction coefficients of air and water were stable at 0.07 when superficial water velocity was over 0.1 m/s. Compared with gravity, centrifugal effect is more effective in adjusting flow pattern and keeping equal phase fraction.
参考文献
| [1] | 王栋 .分流分相式气液两相流体流量计[D].西安交通大学,2000. |
| [2] | Dong W.;Hu LZ. .Gas-liquid two-phase flow measurement using ESM[J].Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science: International Journal of Experimental Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics, and Fluid Mechanics,2002(6/7):827-832. |
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