欢迎登录材料期刊网

材料期刊网

高级检索

Tailoring non-metallic inclusions in accordance to the desired effect on steel properties has gained widespread acceptance in the last decades and has become known as "inclusion engineering". Effective inclusion engineering involves three steps: (a) a good knowledge of how inclusions influence properties, (b) understanding what is the effect of each type of inclusions on these properties and thus which is the most desirable inclusion in a given product and (c) adjusting the processing parameters to obtain these inclusions. A significant portion of the process adjustment is done during steel refining, where the steel can be tailored so that the desired chemical composition of the non-metallic inclusions that will precipitate can be altered. Understanding the relations between steel chemistry, processing variables and inclusion chemical composition requires significant understanding of the thermodynamics of the systems involved. These complex equilibrium calculations are best done using computational thermodynamics. In this work some of the basic techniques used to control inclusion composition are reviewed and the thermodynamic information required to perform this task is presented. Several examples of the application of computational thermodynamics to inclusion engineering of different steels grades are presented and compared with experimental results, whenever possible. The potential and limitations of the method are highlighted, in special those related to thermodynamic data and databases.

参考文献

[1] Wagner C.Thermodynamics of Alloys[M].Addison-Wesley,Inc Reading,MA,1952:163.
[2] Hillert M .A modified regular solution model for terminal solutions[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A:Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science,1986,17:1878.
[3] Darken L S .[J].Transactions of the Metallurgical Society of AIME,1967,239:80.
[4] Sigworth G K;Elliott J F .The thermodynamics of liquid dilute iron alloys[J].Metal Science Journal,1974,8:298.
[5] Sundman B.SLAG2-IRSID database[M].KTH,Stockholm,Sweden,2000
[6] Jung I H;Decterov S A;Pelton A .A thermodynamic model for deoxidation equilibria in steel[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B:Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science,2004,35:493.
[7] Degterov S A;Pelton A D;Seifert H J;Fabrichnaya O , Hajra J P , Navrotsky A , Helean K , Swamy V , Costa e Silva A , and Spencer P J .Thermodynamic modelling of oxide and oxinitride phases[J].Zeitschrift fur Metallkunde,2001,92(06):533.
[8] Fabrichnaya O;Costa e Silva A;Aldinger F .Assessment of thermodynamic functions in the MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system[J].Z0 Metallkd,2004,95(09):793.
[9] Oertel L.C.;Costa e Silva A. .Application of thermodynamic modeling to slag-metal equilibria in steelmaking[J].Calphad: Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry,1999(3):379-391.
[10] Gaye H;Welfringer J.Modelling of the thermodynamic properties of complex metallurgical slags[A].TMS-AIME,Lake Tahoe,Nevada,1984
[11] Lehmann J;Gaye H;Yamada W;Matsumiya T.A statistical thermodynamics model of sulphur and fluorine bearing iron and steelmaking slags[A].ISIJ,Nagoya,Japan,1990
[12] Kapoor M L;Frohberg M G.Theoretical treatment of activities in silicate melts[A].ISI London,University of Sheffield,1971
[13] Lin P L;Pelton A D .A structural model for binary silicate systems[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B:Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science,1979,10:667.
[14] Pelton A D;Blander M .Thermodynamic analysis of ordered liquid solutions by a modified quasichemical approach-application to silicate slag[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B:Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science,1986,17:805.
[15] Blander M;Pelton A D .Thermodynamic analysis of binary liquid silicates and prediction of ternary solution properties by modified quasichemical equations[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51:85.
[16] Pelton A D.Solution models[A].San Diego,CA:Academic Press,1997:87.
[17] Costa e Silva A;Avillez R R;Beneduce F.A preliminary evaluation of selected TiO2 containing oxide systems with applications in slag-steel-inclusion equilibria[A].Krakow,Poland,2004
[18] Sundman B;Jansson B;Andersson J O .The Thermo-Calc databank system[J].CALPHAD-Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry,1985,9:153.
[19] Costa e;Silva A A.termodinamica do Cálcio em Acos e suas implicacoes sobre os tratamentos de metalurgia secundária[A].ABM,Porto Alegre,RS,Brazil,2006
[20] Maeda S;Soejima T;Saito T;Matsumoto H , Fujimoto H , and Mimura T.Shape control of inclusions in wire rods for high tensile tire cord by refining with synthetic slag[A].,1989
[21] Onoe T;Ito S;Ogawa K;Mimura T , Matsumoto H , and Maeda S.Shape control of inclusions for steel tire cord (development in ladle arc refining)[J].Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan,1987
[22] Oertel L;Costa e Silva A.Application of thermodynamic modeling to slag--metal equilibria in steelmaking[A].北京,1998
[23] Oshiro T;Ikeda T;Matsuyama H;Okushima S , Oki Y , and Ibaraki N .Verbesserung der Dauerhaltbarker von Ventilfederdraht[J].Stahl Und Eisen,1989,10(21):1011.
[24] Gattelier C;Gaye H;Lehmann J;Bellot J , and Moncel M.Inclusion control in low-aluminum steel[M].La Revue de Metallurgie-CIT,1992:362.
[25] G. Murtaza;R. Akid .Empirical corrosion fatigue life prediction models of a high strength steel[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2000(5):461-474.
[26] Tomioka K;Ogawa K;Matsumoto H .Thermodynamics of reaction between trace amount of Al and inclusion in Mn-Si killed steel[J].ISIJ International,1996,36:101.
[27] Saburo KOBAYASHI .Thermodynamic Fundamentals for Alumina-content Control ofOxide Inclusions in Mn-Si Deoxidation of Molten Steel[J].ISIJ International,1999(7):664-670.
[28] Ohta T.Effect of Non-Metallic Inclusions on the Fatigue of Bearing Steel[M].,1966
[29] Ri-ichi Murakami;Daisuke Yonekura;Zhengdong Ni .Fatigue fracture behavior of high-strength steel in super long life range[J].JSME International Journal, Series A. Solid mechanics and material engineering,2002(4):517-522.
[30] Ramsay C W;Matlock D K;Olson D L.The influence of inclusions on the microstructures and properties of a high strength steel weld metal[A].Materials Park OH,Gatlingburg,TN,1989
[31] Gregg J M;Bhadeshia H .Titanium-rich mineral phases and the nucleation of bainite[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A:Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science,1994,25(08):1603.
[32] Babu S S;David S A;Vitek J M;Mundra K , and Debroy T .Development of macrostructure and microstructure of carbon-manganese low-alloy steel welds-inclusion formation[J].Materials Science and Technology,1995,11(02):186.
[33] Mizoguchi S.A Study on Segregation and Oxide Inclusions for the Control of Steel Properties[M].University of Tokyo,Tokyo,1996:97.
[34] Costa e Silva A;Avillez R R;Beneduce F.Steel-slag equilibrium involving TiO2[A].CALPHAD Inc,Quebec,2003
[35] J.-S. Byun;J.-H. Shim;Y.W. Cho .Non-metallic inclusion and intragranular nucleation of ferrite in Ti-killed C-Mn steel[J].Acta materialia,2003(6):1593-1606.
上一张 下一张
上一张 下一张
计量
  • 下载量()
  • 访问量()
文章评分
  • 您的评分:
  • 1
    0%
  • 2
    0%
  • 3
    0%
  • 4
    0%
  • 5
    0%