探索了以NiO和YSZ微粉为原料,采用干压成型的方法制备NiO-YSZ/YSZ复合材料的工艺过程.实验结果表明:随着NiO含量的减少,实验样品收缩率和相对密度均逐渐增加;当NiO含量从46%(体积分数,下同)降为30%时,1400℃,1 h下得到的样品收缩率由17.6%逐渐增至21.8%,相对密度由64.04%增至75.93%;1450℃,2 h下得到的样品收缩率则由21.2%逐渐增至23.3%,相对密度也由66.9%增至74.2%.选用1400℃,1 h的烧结工艺能得到晶粒大小均匀,晶粒尺寸较小的复合材料.各复合层的收缩率差值在1%以上,即可造成不同程度的翘曲.要以干压成型制备NiO-YSZ/YSZ复合梯度材料,3层复合是远远不够的.复合梯度材料较好地改善电极与电解质间的界面接触状态,为其在燃料电池上的应用奠定了基础.
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