某柴油加氢装置中高压换热器实际工作温度低于设计温度而发生了腐蚀,为了寻找其原因,对失效管道的腐蚀形貌、材料成分及金相进行了全面分析.结果表明,管板焊接位置的腐蚀类型主要是堆焊层剥离类型的失效行为;点蚀特征是由于铵盐结晶导致的垢下腐蚀;管口减薄是由于冲刷腐蚀所致.针对其失效原因,提出了相应的建议,对实际使用具有一定的帮助.
The cracking of the heat exchanger of a diesel hydrogenation unit was studied by making use of chemical composition analysis,metallographic analysis and morphological analysis.And countermeasures for getting rid of the cracking were suggested.Results show that the steel for fabricating the heat exchanger has a low content of Cr,but its average hardness around the failed positions is qualified.The corrosion product was mainly composed of sulfide and chloride.The stripping of the welded overlayer accounted for the failure mode at the welded zone of the steel pipes,the crystallization of ammonium salt led to under-deposit corrosion,and the thinning at the mouth of the steel pipe was due to erosion-corrosion.
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