采用可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)自由基聚合及季铵化后处理方法制备出2种苯乙烯(St)和对氯甲基苯乙烯(VBC)的阳离子两亲性三嵌段共聚物PS-b-Q-PVBC-b-PS和Q-PVBC-b-PS-b-Q-PVBC.PS和PS-b-PVBC-b-PS的相对分子质量分别为8100和11700; PVBC和Q.PVBC-b-PS-b-Q-PVBC的相对分子质量分别为3600和12700,可以发现,二者的相对分子质量和嵌段比例均相近.以二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为共溶剂,分别以去离子水和甲苯为选择性溶剂,对2种聚合物的自组装行为进行对比研究,探索了分子结构对聚合物自组装行为的影响.结果表明,当在相同的条件下进行自组装时,若成壳嵌段在大分子两端,聚合物自组装产生球形胶束聚集体;若成壳嵌段在大分子中间,聚合物自组装形态则是核壳胶束聚集体(选择性溶剂含量较低时)或棒状、球状胶束的聚集体(选择性溶剂含量较高时).
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