用内转换Mossbauer谱分析了Fe-Mn-Cr-C合金冷变形前后合金元素原子与碳原子的不均匀分布和相组成。发现该合金在固溶处理状态时为两类奥氏体,即无碳奥氏体和含碳奥氏体;经变形诱发出不含碳与合金元素的无碳马氏体(类α-Fe)及含碳与合金元素的合金马氏体。理论计算和试验证实:该合金中奥氏体向马氏体转变是受奥氏体晶胞内共价键中共用电子对的数目(n_A值)大小所控制。合金元素原子与碳原子之间形成结合力较强的C-M_e共价键,这对合金马氏体的形成具有强烈的阻碍作用。
The heterogeneous distribution of C and metallic alloying elements as well asthe phase composition changed before and after cold deformation of a Fe-Mn-Cr-C alloyhave been studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy. The austenites without and with C and metallicalloying elements are found in the alloy as solid solution treated state. While the martensiteswithout and with C and alloying elements may be induced by cold deformation. The transforma-tion from austenite to martensite in the alloy is confirmed via theoretical computation andexperiments to be controlled by the number of covalent electron pairs forming covalent bondin austenitic crystal cell of the alloy. The formation of strong covalent bond between C andmetallic elements will vigorously retard the γ/α′transformation.
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