研究了阴离子型表面活性剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠)和阳离子型表面活性剂(三乙醇胺)对镍-磷-纳米氧化铝复合镀性能的影响.讨论了表面活性剂的种类、加入量对沉积速度、镀层的硬度和耐磨性能的影响.通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察各种复合镀层形貌，利用能谱仪(EDS)测量镀层中纳米Al2O3粒子的复合量.结果表明：纳米复合化学镀液中两种阴离子型表面活性剂的较佳加入量均为50 mg/L,阳离子型表面活性剂较佳加入量为100mg/L；采用阳离子表面活性剂时所得镀层的纳米粒子复合量较大，镀速快，耐磨性能好且纳米氧化铝分散较均匀；相比化学镀Ni-P和微米Al2O3复合化学镀Ni-P工艺所得镀层，纳米复合镀层具有较高的硬度和较好的耐磨性.
Influences of anion surfactant (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate) and cationic surfactant(triethanolamine) on deposition of nickel-phosphorus-nanometer Al2O3 composite coatings were investigated. Influences of sorts and addition quantity of surfactant on deposition rate,hardness and abrasion resistance of coatings were discussed. The appearances of the various composite coatings were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).The content of nanometer Al2O3 particle was measured by energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). The experiment results show that the better amounts of two anion surfactants are both 50 mg/L and cationic surfactant is 100 mg/L in nanometer composite plating bath. The cationic surfactants deposit has high content of nanometer Al2O3，fast deposition velocity，good abrasion resistance and uniform dispersion of nanometer Al2O3 particles among three surfactants. The nano-Al2O3 composite deposit has higher microhardness and better abrasion resistance than that of electroless Ni-P and micro-Al2O3 composite electroless Ni-P.
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