以氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)为手段,研究了中温固体氧化物燃料电池烧结NiO/YSZ阳极的还原过程,并通过对电池开路电位和阻抗的原位监测考察了电池中阳极的还原过程.H2-TPR结果表明,阳极烧结温度升高,阳极中的NiO变得难以还原,但当温度提高到1 500℃时,NiO还原峰的峰温降低.阳极NiO含量越高,NiO越容易被还原.这是由于烧结过程中NiO颗粒长大和NiO/YSZ界面分离共同作用的结果.电池原位还原过程中开路电位的变化表明,具有高NiO含量的阳极还原较慢.这主要是由于高NiO含量的阳极具有较大的收缩率和大的NiO粒子,导致还原初期产生的大量H2O不能被及时排出,从而抑制了还原过程.电池还原过程中交流阻抗谱的变化表明,50%NiO/YSZ阳极具有最稳定的还原过程.30%和70%NiO/YSZ电池都有一个极化电阻逐渐增大的过程,前者的极化电阻在还原600 min后逐渐稳定,而后者并不能稳定.
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