模具的断裂及裂纹萌生与扩展问题一直是影响模具寿命的重要因素。在扩展有限元法基本原理的基础上，以ABAQUS为平台，利用XFEM模拟模具钢H13的裂纹扩展问题，得到单边缺口拉伸试件的裂纹扩展过程及裂纹尖端的应力分布和变化曲线。研究载荷、裂纹长度、构件几何参数对裂纹尖端应力强度因子的影响，输出静态裂纹的应力强度因子，并与解析解进行比较。结果表明，扩展有限元法能够有效进行裂纹开裂及扩展过程的仿真。数值模拟不受单边边界条件的制约，无需单元的局部加密，有效减少单元数量，节省了计算成本。
The die life is significantly influenced by the occurrence and propagation of cracks. Crack propagation of H13 die steel was studied with ABAQUS based on XFEM. The crack propagation of single edge notched sample and the stress distributions of the crack tip were obtained by the simulation. The influence of pressure and crack length,also the geometry parameters of component on the crack tip stress intensity factor was studied,simulation data of stress intensity factor were printed out and compared with analytic data. The results show that the process of the cracking can be effectively simulated by the extended finite element method. Simulation of the crack propagation is free of the boundary constrains while the elements will not need to be increased. The amount of elements is effectively reduced,and the cost of computing is decreased.
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