根据荷叶效应形成的2个条件——表面微纳米结构和蜡状薄膜，总结了国内外制备超疏水表面的2种主要途径，即构建微纳米粗糙表面和修饰表面活性物质；分析了超疏水表面的2种模型，即卡西尔模型和文策尔模型，发现所制备的超疏水表面为卡西尔模型；展望了其研究趋势和应用前景。
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