以硝酸锌和氢氧化钠为原料,采用水热合成技术制备了ZnO纳米棒.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)对所合成样品的晶体结构及形貌进行了表征.然后将制备的ZnO纳米粉体压制成气敏元件,研究了气敏元件在空气和不同浓度的乙醇气体中直流电阻、交流电容和阻抗的变化.结果表明,元件在室温(23 ℃)下从空气转移到20 ppm的乙醇气体中,其直流电阻减小68％.在低频段(＜104 Hz)的交流电容是随着乙醇浓度的增加而增加,阻抗随乙醇浓度的增大而减小；高频段(104 Hz至106 Hz)交流电容和阻抗变化很小,基本不受乙醇浓度的影响.当频率为100 Hz时,交流电容和阻抗随乙醇浓度的变化最大,交流电容增大98％,阻抗减小33％.
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