基于激光-MIG复合热源焊接实现了5A02铝合金与镀锌钢、镀铝钢及非镀层Q235钢的优质、高效熔-钎连接,并对焊缝的成形、接头的性能及微观结构作了分析.结果表明,利用该连接方法可以在高速焊接条件下实现铝/钢熔-钎连接,最高焊接速度可达5 m/min;得到的熔-钎接头的抗拉强度接近于该铝合金熔化焊接头的抗拉强度,接头的抗剪强度高于90 MPa;焊缝钎接界面处生成的金属间化合物主要为Fe_3Al、FeAl_2、Fe_2Al_5、FeAl_3,金属间化合物层厚度太薄或太厚均会影响接头的强度,化合物层厚度在1.5～4 μm范围内最佳.
High efficiency and quality fusion-brazing joining between 5A02 aluminum alloy and steel, based on laser-MIG hybrid welding, was realized. The steel used in the joining test included zinc-coated steel, aluminum-coated steel and Q235 steel. The seam appearance and the mechanical properties as well as the microstructures of the joints were analyzed. The results indicated that a high speed fusion-brazing joining of aluminum and steel could be achieved by this welding method, and the highest welding speed was up to 5 m/min. The tensile strength of the joints was almost as high as that of the aluminum fusion joint. And the shear strength of the joints was beyond 90 MPa. It's confirmed that the compound layer on the brazing interface was composed of Fe_3Al, FeAl_2, Fe_2Al_5 and FeAl_3. A too thin or too thick Al-Fe intermetallic compound layer both could reduce the strength of the joints. The optimal thickness range of the compounds layer was 1.5～4 μm.
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