随着公众环保意识的增强,含铅焊料的发展和应用受到了极大的限制,研制新型的、环境友好的无铅焊料来取代传统的锡铅焊料成为近年来研究的热点,而添加微量元素合金化以获得性能优异的无铅焊料尤其受到研究者的关注。本文系统地综述了添加微量稀土元素对无铅焊料物理化学性能、显微组织、力学性能、电迁移及锡晶须生长等的影响,并对稀土元素在无铅焊料中的应用及发展趋势进行了展望。
With the improvement of public awareness on environment protection,the development and applications of lead solders have been greatly confined.In recent years,developing new and environmental friendly lead-free solders to replace traditional tin-lead solders become a hot topic.In addition,adding trace amount of alloying elements to gain superior performances of lead-free solders are attracting more and more attentions.It illustrates the influences of minute amounts of rare-earth elements on physical and chemical properties,microstructure,mechanical properties,electromigration and tin whisker of lead-free solders.Meanwhile,it prospects the applications and development of rare-earth elements in lead-free solders.
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