以粉状石墨、天然鳞片石墨和可膨胀石墨为原料，采用化学分散法制备石墨烯；利用X射线衍射仪、傅立叶转换红外光谱仪、Zeta电位分析仪、扫描电子显微镜、激光拉曼光谱仪及原子力显微镜等对其进行了表征。结果表明：与用粉状石墨和天然鳞片石墨相比，用可膨胀石墨为原料制备的氧化石墨氧化程度较高，分散稳定性较好；对其超声剥离“原位”还原后所制备的石墨烯片层结构均匀，其厚度为4～5nm，层数为4～5层，属于少数层石墨烯。
Graphite powder, natural flake graphite and expandable graphite were used as the raw materials to prepare graphene hy chemical dispersion method. The graphene was characterized by XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, Zeta potential, SEM, laser Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results indicate that graphite oxide prepared using expandable graphite as raw material had higher degree of oxidation and better dispersion stability than that using the graphite powder or natural flake graphite. Homogeneous structure of few-layer graphene was obtained by in-situ reduction method after ultrasonic stripping. The thickness of the graphene was about 4--5 nm, and the number of its layer was 4--5, respectively.
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