按照80.7W-13.2Ni-6.1Fe的原子分数,采用机械合金化(MA)方法,制备了W-Ni-Fe合金纳米晶和非晶相的混晶结构.结合XRD,利用近似内标法计算了球磨不同时间球磨粉中残留晶体W的体积分数和非晶相中的W含量,并分析了球磨过程中非晶形成的机制.结果表明:随球磨时间的延长,W晶粒不断细化,球磨60 h,钨晶粒尺寸可达到10 nm~20 nm,非晶相的形成过程主要是Ni(Fe)首先溶入W中形成过饱和固溶体,球磨20 h后形成W-Ni(Fe)非晶.过饱和固溶体的形成是由于携带较大晶界存储能的小粒子不断溶入W中,计算得到可固溶的临界Ni粒子尺寸约为3 nm.由于Fe污染不断溶入W中,在球磨过程中,残留晶体W的体积分数不断减少,而非晶相中的W-Ni(Fe)比例基本保持恒定,为63W-37Ni(Fe).
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