以硫酸铝和二氧化硅为原料,硫酸钠熔盐作为介质,进行了在不同温度下合成莫来石晶须的试验.利用XRD、DSC、SEM等手段对合成晶须的相组成、结构和形貌进行了研究.结果表明:在800 ℃时莫来石开始成核,900 ℃时大量形成莫来石,1000 ℃合成反应基本完成,1100 ℃以上合成的莫来石开始分解,在1200 ℃时莫来石晶须大部分被分解.莫来石晶须的形貌与尺寸强烈地取决于合成温度.在本实验体系中,当合成反应温度在1000 ℃左右时,可获得直径在50～100 nm,长度约3～8 μm的莫来石晶须.
The mullite whiskers were prepared through reaction of aluminum sulfate and silica at different temperatures in molten sodium sulfate medium. The phase composition, microstructure and morphology of mullite whiskers were investigated with XRD,DSC and SEM techniques. The results show that the temperature of nucleus formation of mullite crystalline is about 800℃,the massive mullite is formed at 900℃, mullite formation is almost completed at about 1000 ℃, the as-synthesized mullite is partly decomposed above 1100 ℃ and the massive mullite has been decomposed at 1200 ℃.The morphology and size of mullite whiskers were strongly depended on the synthesizing temperature. According to this experiment, the needle-like whisker crystalline of mullite with 50～100 nm in diameter and 3～8 μm in length can be formed at 1000℃.
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