基于热力学非平衡现象,将聚乳酸(PLA)-聚氧化乙烯(PEO)-CHCl3溶液置于远离热力学平衡状态的开放系中干燥,自组织构筑了PLA-PEO复合体系内部的梯度相分离结构.通过偏光显微镜(POM)和衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外(ATR-FTIR)光谱对复合材料共混膜试样内部的梯度结构进行了表征.结果表明:在热力学非平衡状态下,复合体系内部形成了梯度结构;随着体系远离平衡状态,PLA富集在能量流出的空气侧,PEO则富集在能量流入的底部,膜的组成在能量流动方向上形成梯度分布,并随体系远离平衡状态呈增大的趋势,而热力学平衡状态是影响梯度结构形成的主要因素.
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