以脱油沥青（Deoiled Asphalt）为碳源、二茂铁为催化剂,采用化学气相沉积法（CVD）制备碳纤维（CFs）,其裂解后的残渣经真空热处理制得含镍碳纳米胶囊（CNCs）。用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和拉曼光谱（Raman）对产物进行表征。结果表明：碳纤维纯度较高,属中空结构,直径主要分布在200～500 nm范围内;含镍碳纳米胶囊为准球形核壳结构,核为金属镍,壳为石墨化碳,大小在5～30 nm范围,晶化程度较高,结构较完善。
Carbon fibers（CFs） were prepared from deoiled asphalt（DOA） by chemical vapor deposition（CVD）.Furthermore,nickel-containing carbon nanocapsules（CNCs） were obtained by vacuum heat-treatment using the residual coke from previous experiment as carbon source and nickel powder as catalyst.The morphology and structure of the products were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）,high resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）,X-ray diffraction（XRD） and raman spectroscopy.Results show that high purity and hollow core structure carbon fibers with diameters ranging from 200-500 nm are obtained,and the nickel-containing CNCs with size of 5-30 nm exhibit obvious core-shell structure with nickel as cores and carbon as shells.Carbon shells surrounding the metal particles may offer excellent protection to the encapsulated metal nanomaterials.
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