为研究交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆中水树区域介电常数与电场特性的关系，采用水针电极、高频高压对交联聚乙烯电缆试样进行加速水树老化实验，通过显微镜观察水树形态，根据观察到的水树形态构建有限元仿真模型，仿真分析水树区域介电常数变化对水树周围电场强度的影响规律。结果表明：当水树区域相对介电常数或电导率增加时，水树末梢的场强增大，而针尖场强减小，水树末梢尖端易成为电树引发的起点；当水树区域相对介电常数或电导率减小时，针尖场强增大，而水树末梢的场强减小，针尖易成为电树引发的起点。
To study the relationship between dielectric constant and electric field characteristics of water tree region in XLPE cable, we used water-needle electrode and high-frequency and high-voltage to do water tree accelerated ageing experiment for the XLPE cable samples. The morphology of water tree was observed by microscope, a finite element simulation model was constructed based on the observed morphology of water tree, and the effect of dielectric constant of water tree region on the electric field strength surrounding the water tree was analyzed. The results show that when the relative dielectric con-stant or the conductivity increases, the electric field strength of water tree endings increases, the electric field strength of needle tip decreases, and the water tree endings can easily become the starting point ini-tiating electrical tree. When the relative dielectric constant or the conductivity decreases, the electric field strength of needle tip increases, the electric field strength of water tree endings decreases, and the needle tip can easily become the starting point initiating electrical tree.
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