采用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为原料,2-甲基咪唑为封闭剂,三乙胺为中和剂制备了水分散封闭异氰酸酯(WBI)乳液,考察了中和剂和Zeta电位(ξ-电位)对WBI乳液稳定性的影响,探讨了乳液耐电解质能力及其温敏特性对其解封温度及双组分聚氨酯漆膜性能的影响.实验结果表明:用三乙胺作为中和剂时,乳液粒径较小,稳定性及贮存稳定性均较好,最佳中和度为100％.随DMPA用量的增加,乳液的ξ电位绝对值增大,乳液粒径减小、耐电解质能力增强,乳液的稳定性提高.乳液的Zeta电位及粒径受温度影响较小,说明乳液较为稳定.DMPA用量为20％ ～ 25％(摩尔分数)较适宜.差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析表征其解封温度为125.6 ～ 138.1℃,应用表明此类WBI作为固化剂可以赋予涂料较好的耐水性、耐醇性、硬度及耐冲击性.
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