本文介绍了溶剂萃取、离子交换、电解精炼和区域熔炼等冶金提纯方法在高纯铁制备过程中的应用.采用溶剂萃取法和离子交换法,可以除去溶液中的大多数金属杂质,得到纯度为4N的高纯铁溶液.通过氢还原或电解精炼,可进一步去除杂质元素并获得纯度为6N的金属铁材料.区域熔炼法可对铁进行进一步精炼,使纯度达到极限.对不同的原料纯度以及不同的产品纯度要求,采用的工艺方法也有相应的变化,但一般采用几种方法相结合的工艺路线制备品质优良的高纯铁.
High purity iron is important for magnetic recording mediums, magnetic recording heads, semiconductor, and optical electronic devices, etc. The methods of preparing high purity iron include solvent extraction, ion ex-change, electrolytic refining, zone melting, and so on. Solvent extraction and ion exchange are efficient ways for making high purity metal solutions. Almost all metal impurities can be eliminated by these methods. Reduction in hydrogen atmosphere or electrolysis refining can get further purified metals. Zone melting in controlled atmosphere is effective for gas impurities removing. Generally, vacuum degasifieation is the final purification procedure and the high purity bulk metals can be obtained. Combination of several methods is preferred to get high purity metals.
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