在离子液体1-丁基-3甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐[BMIM][PF6]水溶液中通过微波加热10min制备出ZnO纳米棒.用X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电镜、紫外分光光度计和荧光分光光度计对其形貌、结构和性能进行了表征.研究表明,产物结晶性良好,产率高,大小均匀,平均直径为20nm,长度为400～500nm.通过对ZnO纳米棒形成机理和实验条件进行系统探讨,提出了三步反应机理,同时发现离子液体对产物的形貌起着关键作用.该方法简便、快速、环保,可推广运用于其它一维纳米功能材料的制备.
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