Solids and solutions of sodium phosphates with various chain lengths have been studied by using the techniques of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. A systematic study of the infrared spectra of the solid sodium phosphates has been conducted on the basis of the information available in the literatures to establish the assignments of the infrared vibrations of the different groups in the phosphate molecules. The infrared spectra of the solutions of sodium phosphates have been analyzed according to the infrared study on the relevant solids, in conjunction with the study of the phosphate species distribution in solution on the basis of the acid-base reaction equilibria. The results obtained have revealed the correlations between the infrared absorption spectra and the structure of the different P-O groups in different kinds of phosphates and are useful in the analysis of phosphate solids and solutions widely used in the various operations of mineral processing.
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