根据溶胶凝胶化原理,从热力学不稳定与反离子聚沉角度出发,分别采用温度促凝法与反离子促凝法制备了PEG(聚乙二醇)/SiO2(二氧化硅)定型相变材料(SS-PCMs).运用差示扫描量热、X射线衍射与红外光谱分析对比研究了凝胶化条件对SS-PCMs相变焓与相变峰温的影响.结果表明,温度促凝法制备的PEG/SiO2 SS-PCMs相变焓为36.1～128.4 J/g,较相同质量比例的纯PEG低,相变峰温也稍有降低;PEG/SiO2 SS-PCMs中PEG与SiO2仅为物理作用,PEG相变行为主要受SiO2内外界面的牵制作用与微孔结构的空间位阻作用的影响.反离子促凝法制备的Ca-PEG/SiO2 SSPCMs相变焓为32.6～91.5 J/g,相变焓损失率高,但相变峰温较纯PEG有所升高;Ca-PEG/SiO2 SS-PCMs中,PEG相变行为除了受限于SiO2的物理作用,PEG中C-O-C键的氧亦给出孤对电子与Ca2+形成配位键,改变PEG分子构象与结晶结构,导致相变焓损失严重.即凝胶化条件决定了SS-PCMs组分间相互作用方式,从而影响着PEG/SiO2定型相变材料的热性能.经对比分析,温度促凝法较反离子(CaCl2)促凝法更适合制备PEG/SiO2SS-PCMs.
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