采用简单的低温陈化法,以ZnCl2和NaOH为原料,阴离子表面活性剂SDS或SDBS为添加剂,成功制备了不同长径比的一维结构ZnO晶体.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了表征.通过跟踪ZnO形成过程中Zn(Ⅱ)离子浓度的变化情况,初步探讨了阴离子表面活性剂对ZnO晶体生长的作用机理.结果表明,阴离子表面活性剂能够有效降低ZnO的成核、生长速率,促进其沿[0001]方向生长成为长径比较大的针状形貌.
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