采用声化学法、放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)和热变形工艺制备致密各向同性和各向异性 Nd2Fe14B/α--Fe复合磁体, 研究了软磁相包覆对磁体的结构和性能的影响.结果表明, 软磁相α--Fe对各向同性Nd2Fe14B/α--Fe复合磁体的影响主要表现为增强两相间的交换耦合作用, 从而提高剩磁.当α--Fe体积分数的数值适当(不超过2%)时,各向异性 Nd2Fe14B/α--Fe磁体形成较好的$c$轴晶体织构,具有较高的磁性能. α--Fe体积分数为 1%的磁体性能最高:Br=1.367 T, Hci=712 kA/m, (BH)m=327 kJ/m3.
Full dense isotropic and anisotropic Nd2Fe14B/α--Fe nanocomposite magnets were prepared via sonochemistry method, spark plasma sintering (SPS) and hot deformation method. The effects of α–Fe volume fraction on the structure and magnetic properties of the magnets were investigated. For the isotropic magnets, the exchanging coupling and remanence increase as the α–Fe content increases. For the anisotropic magnets, only the magnets with no more than 2% α–Fe exhibit strong c-axis crystal texture of Nd2Fe14B phase, and the better magnetic properties are Br=1.367 T, Hci=712 kA/m, (BH)m=327 kJ/m3.
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