用电场纺丝方法制得了PAN原丝,经碳化制备纳米碳纤维;并用因子设计方法研究PAN原丝平均直径的影响因素;用扫描电镜(SEM)、扫描隧道显微镜(STM)研究了纳米碳纤维的表面形貌及结构.结果表明:溶液的浓度是PAN原丝平均直径的主要影响因子,电压对原丝的平均直径没有明显的影响;用电场纺丝方法可以制得直径在80～500nm之间的纳米碳纤维;电场纺丝制得的纳米碳纤维表面有长度约为10nm左右,宽度约为5nm沿纤维方向取向的凹坑,该结构有利于进一步增加纤维的比表面积和吸附性能,该类纤维在复合材料领域有潜在的应用前景.
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